Dear Language Enthusiast,
Welcome to the Hebrew Monthly, the Internet
newsletter from Transparent Language. This is the final
issue in our three-part series looking back on some of the
most notable people, events, and accomplishments of the 20th
century. This month, we take a look at Latin American
artists, writers, and filmmakers who helped shape our view
of the 20th century.
Sincerely,
Transparent Language
www.transparent.com
Ha'omanut, l'orekh kol shnot hahistorya, hilhiva, orera et
ha'anashim linkot p'ula o hirgiya otam. Ha'omanut
shelhameya ha-20 eyna shona. Ha'alon shel hakhodesh haze
hino s'kira al kama mehasofrim, hatsayarim v'omaney
hakolnoa meyamerika halatinit asher hishpiyu al hatarbut
haenoshit derekh haytsirot shelahem.
Frida Kalo (1907-1954), hi akhat hatsayarot hameksikaniot
hayduot byoter. Hi lo tamid sha'afa lihyot tsayeret. Ulam
biyota bat 18, l'akhar sheavra t'unat drakhim kasha, hi
hitkhila leylamed et atsma ltsayer. Ka'et hi ydua bkhol
haolam bshel tsiyurey haportreyt ha'atsmiyim shela, otam hi
tsiyra bitsvaim noazim m'od. Ekhad hatomkhim harishonim
shel Kalo haya ba'ala, Dyego Rivera (1886-1957), hayadua
biglal tsiyurey hakir hadramatiyim shelo. Hu nekhshav
limkhadesh tsiyurey hafresko ba'ameyrika halatinit.
Tsiyurey hakir shelo gam-ken yduim biglal hatsvaim hanoazim
shelahem, ulam hem mta'arim b'ikar meyoraot shonim
bahistoriya shel meksiko.
Pablo Neruda (1904-1973) mitchili, nekhshav l'ekhad
mimshorey shirey ahava, hagdolim byoter baolam. Shmo
ha'amiti haya Naftali Rikardo Reyeys Basoalto, ulam hu
katav ufirsem takhat shem-haet Pablo Neruda. Yeshnam
hatoanim shehu hishtamesh bshem-et kdey lhimana
meyhabikoret hakharifa shel aviv, asher tamid ya'ats lo
lhimana miktiva. Pablo Neruda kibel pras nobel lsifrut
bishnat 1971. Hamshoreret Gabriela Mistral (1889-1957), gam
hi mitchili, hayta haisha hadrom ameyrikait harishona
shezakhta bifras nobel lsifrut. Hu ho'onak la bishnat 1945.
Hashirim shel Mistral hibiyu m'oravut raba bnos'im
humaniyim. Ktivat shirim lo hayta haderekh haykhida ba hi
sherta et hakhila shela. Hi pa'ala gam kimkhanekhet, kihana
ksarat tarbut vnishlkha kdiplomatit limdinot eyropeyiyot
shonot.
Khorkhe Luis Borkhes vGabrieyl Garsiya Markeyz hem ulay
shney hasofrim asher kervu et hasifrut hadrom ameyrikait
lda'at hakahal haolamit. Borkhes (1899-1986) ha'argentini,
yadua b'ikar biglal hahityakhasut shelo lazman, asher ba'a
lidey bituy bakiva shelo. Kmo Frida Kalo, t'unat drakhim
khamura m'od, kimat katlanit, oreyra tkufa m'od ytsiratit
bkhayav shel Borkhes. Bitkufa zo hu katav b'kar sipurim.
Garsiya Markeyz (1928- ) hitkhil et hakaryeyra shelo
k'itonay bkolumbiya. Meaz hu noda kimkhaber shel romanim
vshel sipurim ktsarim. Avodato ydua b'ikar biglal hasignon
shela: mtsiut ksuma. Hu hitsliakh lkhaber ba mtsiut
vdimyon. Garsiya Markeyz zakha bifras nobel lsifrut bishnat
1982.
Khorkhey Amado (1912- ) habrazili, hitkhil et karyerat
haktiva shelo biyoto ben esrim, im pirsum sifro harishon.
Marbit sfarav mta'arim et khayey hama'amadot hanmukhim
bair, b'bahaya, ulitim krovot, hem mvatim et hashkafotav
hakomunistiyot. Kheylek gadol mayavodato hu satira al
hamemshala habrazilit. Asher kala oto bishnat 1935 vhitila
isur al hapatsat sfarav, biglal p'iluto hasmolanit.
Valter Sayeys hino akhad habamaim hayduim byoter bivrazil.
La'akharona hu zakhar lhokara bizkhut sirto "Central
Station" ("takhana merkazit"), hadan bakhayim bibrazil. Hu
hitkhil la'avod bishnat 1986 kyotser sratim dokumentariyim,
ulakhar miken heykhel lhitrakez b'ikar bnosim khebratiyim
bivrazil uvkhipus akhar zehut atsmit ulumit. Hu himshikh
ladun bnosim eyle bkhol sratav. Baseret "takhana merkazit",
hu msaper al hayakhasim beyn yeled yatom lveyn isha,
hakotevet mikhtavim bishvil ha'analfabeytim shebatakhana
hamerkazit briyo.
Hasofrim, hatsayarim vha'omanim shel ameyrika halatinit
hishpiyu hashpa'a bal timakhey al hatarbut shel hameya ha-
20. Ben im al-ydey ntinat kol lashkhavot hashotkot shel
haukhlosiya, uveyn im al-ydey lkikhat hakorim o hatsofim
lmasa dimyoni. Trumatam harkhava vhamgurenet shel anakey
hayotsrim shel ameyrika halatinit eyna nitenet lsikum
katsar, lamrot zot ani meykava sheneheneyta meyhamasa al
pney ha'omanut shel ameyrika halatinit bashnim
ha'akharonot.
In English:
Throughout history, art has inspired, soothed and called
people to action. Twentieth century art is no different.
Therefore, this month’s newsletter is a review of some of
the literary, artistic and cinematographic figures from
Latin America who have shaped culture through their
expression.
Frida Kahlo (1907-1954) is one of Mexico’s most famous
female artists. She did not always aspire to be an artist,
however. Only after a serious bus accident when she was
eighteen did she begin to teach herself to paint. Now, she
is internationally respected for her self-portraits, which
use brilliant colors. One of Kahlo's earliest supporters
was her husband, Diego Rivera (1886-1957), a trained artist
whose dramatic murals are said to have revived fresco
painting in Latin America. His murals are also noted for
their bold use of color, but unlike his wife's personal
portraits, his work focuses on depicting broad themes in
Mexican history.
Chile’s Pablo Neruda (1904-1973) is considered one of the
world’s greatest love poets. His given name was Neftalí
Ricardo Reyes Basoalto, but he wrote and published under
the pseudonym Pablo Neruda; some speculate that he did so
to avoid criticism from his father, who had always
discouraged him from writing. He was awarded the Nobel
Prize for Literature in 1971. Another Chilean poet,
Gabriela Mistral (1889-1957), was the first Latin American
woman to win the Nobel Prize for Literature, which was
awarded to her in 1945. While Mistral's poems reflect her
passion for human causes, they were not the only way in
which she served her community. She also acted as an
educator, cultural minister, and diplomat to various
European countries.
Jorge Luis Borges and Gabriel García Márquez are perhaps
the two writers who have brought Latin American literature
into the global limelight. Borges (1899-1986) was from
Argentina and is best known for the treatment of time in
his writing. Like Frida Kahlo, a nearly fatal accident
stimulated an exceptionally creative period in Borges' life
in which he primarily wrote stories. García Márquez (b.
1928) began his career as a journalist in Colombia, and has
since established himself as a novelist and short story
writer. His work is best known for its style, magic
realism, which combines reality and fantasy. He was
awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1982.
Brazilian novelist Jorge Amado (b. 1912) began his literary
career at the age of twenty with the publication of his
first novel. Most of his novels depict the city life of the
lower classes in Bahia, and often reflect his communist
ideology. Much of his work satirizes the Brazilian
government, which imprisoned him in 1935 and banned his
books due to his leftist activities.
Walter Salles, most recently honored for his film about
life in Brazil, "Central do Brasil" ("Central Station"), is
one of Brazil’s most acclaimed directors. He began as a
documentary filmmaker in 1986, focusing on social issues in
Brazil and the search for an identity, both national and
individual. He continues to address the same issues in his
narrative films, as seen in "Central Station," which tells
the story of an orphaned boy's relationship with a woman
who writes letters for the illiterate in Rio’s Central
Station.
Whether giving voice to silent segments of the population,
taking readers or viewers on a fantasy ride or both, Latin
American writers, artists and filmmakers have made a
lasting impact on twentieth century culture. Their
contributions are vast and varied and cannot be summarized
briefly, but I hope that you've enjoyed this cultural
journey through the artistic movements of Latin America in
recent history.
Sources:
www.britannica.com
www.britannica.com/bcom/magazine/article/0,5744,260501,00.html
www.indiewire.com
