Posts tagged with "mexico"

¿Sabíais que los mayas solían jugar a la pelota? Aunque no estoy segura de si me gustaría formar parte de un equipo en alguno de sus juegos. Dejad que os explique por qué:

No se conoce el origen de este juego, ni las reglas exactas. El juego de pelota era una experiencia sagrada para los mayas, practicado como un acontecimiento ritual. Por supuesto el objetivo era vencer al equipo rival, pasando una pelota de caucho por un aro. Igual que en el fútbol hoy día, no se podía tocar la pelota con la mano, ni tampoco con el pie. Como podréis imaginar, era muy difícil jugar usando tan solo las caderas, los muslos y los antebrazos. Una vez que la pelota pasaba por el aro, el juego terminaba.

Debido a las pelotas tan duras que usaban, los jugadores llevaban taparrabos y protecciones de cuero para los brazos y caderas, que pueden apreciarse en algunos murales mayas y aztecas hoy día. Se jugaba en una gran pista de piedra con dos aros: si alguna vez visitáis México podréis ver uno de los mejor conservados, el de Chichén Itzá donde los aros estaban ¡a seis metros por encima del campo!

No se conoce con claridad el simbolismo del juego. Algunos estudiosos lo relacionan con mitos sobre la fertilidad, astronomía o cosmología, como una batalla entre el día y la noche, el mundo de los vivos y el de los muertos. La conexión con la guerra es tan cercana que a veces los mayas jugaban a la pelota para resolver conflictos. Incluso el capitán del equipo perdedor era decapitado como sacrificio humano en celebraciones religiosas.

Y esa es la razón por la que yo nunca jugaría… ¡no soy nada buena jugando a la pelota!

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Did you know that Mayans used to play with ball games? Although I’m not sure I’d like to be part of a team in one of their games. Let me explain why:

The origin of this game in unknown, as well as the precise rules. The Ball game was a sacred experience to the Mayans, practised as a ritual event.  The goal was obviously to beat the rival team, by getting a rubber ball through a hoop. As in football nowadays, the ball could not be touched with their hands, nor their feet. As you can imagine, it was very difficult to play only using their hips, thighs and forearms. Once the ball went through the hoop, the game was over.

Because of the hard balls they used, the players wore loincloths and leather arm and hip guards which can be seen in some Mayan and Aztec murals nowadays. The game was played in  a large stone court with two rings: if you ever visit Mexico you will be able to see one of the best preserved, the one in Chichen Itzá, were the rings were six meters over the playing field!

The symbolism of the game is not clearly known. Some scholars relate it to fertility, astronomy or cosmology, a fight between day and night, between this world and the underworld. The connection with war was so close that Mayans sometimes played a ballgame to solve conflicts. Even the leader of the loser team was decapitated as human sacrifice in religious celebrations.

That’s the reason why I would never play… I’m not good at ball games!

Los alebrijes are Mexican folk art sculptures of fantastical animals invented by Pedro Linares López in 1936 in Mexico. They’re made of paper or wood and represent an imaginary animal, combining the form of two or more animals. Their structure is made of wood or carrizo and the outside part is wrapped in papier-maché and cardboard. They can also come in the form of carved wood little statues.

The origin of the word alebrijes comes from a time when Pedro was sick, bedridden, and had a dream where there were animals with several different shapes and colors, with wings, horns, tails, pointy teeth and bulgy eyes. In this dream Pedro heard a voice saying “Alebrijes!”, “Alebrijes!”. He woke up, and as he was an artisan in Arrazola, Oaxaca, he began to produce those little animal sculptures.

Some people say that alebrijes are demons who come from trees, caves, rivers and clouds and others claim that they come from typical animal masks from Oaxaca. At first they were little sculptures but nowadays you can see whole parades of large alebrijes on the street, like in the video below:

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This is it for today, nos vemos prontito.

Mariachi music  is one of Mexico’s greatest traditions. The term mariachi comes from the Coca Indians and it means “music”. It’s considered one of the most romantic music forms all over the world and in a mariachi band you can find violins, trumpets, a guitar, a vihuela (typical mariachi guitar) and a guitarrón (a big guitar); sometimes a harp and a guitarra de golpe (typical Mexican guitar) are also used.

Mariachi players dress as charros, typical Mexican cowboys, but a little fancier. The charro wear is made up of boots, a big sombrero (hat), a moño (lace bow), corbata (tie), a chaleco (vest) or chaqueta corta (boleto jacket), pantalones bien ajustados (really tight pants) with a correa ancha (wide strap), cuffs and shiny buttons alongside the pants.

Some of Mexico’s most popular mariachi songs are Las Mañanitas, Cielito Lindo, México Lindo and El Rey. Here’s a very cool video of song Cielito Lindo.

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Nos vemos prontito.

“Corridos” are Mexican songs that tell stories. They are made up of three parts: a) introduction of the characters, b) the story itself and c) a moral or farewell. The website Corridos Sin Fronteras offers history, songs, and you can even compose your own corrido corrido. OK, now let’s get to the fun part: in this video of a corrido, Mexican singer Thalía sings about Cuco Peña, a Mexican “macho de corazón” and his adventures. Cuco Peña was drunk and spent the night with a woman who was not exactly what he expected. Below the video there is some very useful vocabulary so you can understand it better.

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Bragado – brave
Echar un tequila – to drink tequila
Vaciar – to empty
Cantina – bar
Chamaca – girl
Vieja – woman
Borracho – drunk
Ñora – a lady
Desorbitado – out of his mind
Reja – bar (prison)
Celda – cell (prison)
Hombría – manhood

Nos vemos prontito!

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