Posts tagged with "russian money"

Old Soviet RubleThe other morning my 3-year old asked if we could «украсить дом капустой» [decorate the house with cabbages]. Now, the suggestion comes from a wonderful book we are reading to him now. Particularly, from a story about five bunny rabbits who get bored on one of the cold winter days and decide to decorate their house with everything cabbage – drawings, clay cabbage, etc.

While it was very cute to hear my «малявка» [little one] call himself «крольчонок» [little bunny] and reenact the story, I couldn’t keep from laughing at the use of the word «капуста» [cabbage]. You see, in Russia, it is one of the slang words for «деньги» [money]. I immediately imagined covering the living room walls with money wallpaper and making coasters out of loose change.

While the official name of Russian currency is «рубль» [ruble, from the word «рубить» - to chop], the Russian language is full of euphemisms for money as well as for processes of making and paying money:

«Капуста» [cabbage] – refers to the green color of dollars.

 Example: «Хотите рубить капусту в сети [Would you like to make money on Internet?]

 «Бабки» – this one is tricky. It is not related to «бабы» [women], whether old or young. Instead, in Old Russia tall stacks of hay in the fields were called «бабки». Peasants had to «собирать» [gather] or «снимать» [lit: take off] «бабки» from the fields in order to sell them for money.

 Another version of this word’s origin is from a once-popular game called «бабки», somewhat similar to the game of marbles.

 Example: «Поехал в Москву на пару дней, бабок потратил – жуть!» [I went to Moscow for a couple of days and spent a ton of money!]

 «Бабло» – when «бабки» passed from the old Russian into criminal slang, it morphed into «бабло». There’s a joke now that the word was derived from the initials of the prominent Russian oligarch and now a political refugee «Борис Абрамович Березовский» [Boris Abramovich Berezovsky].

 Example: «Бабло побеждает зло!» [Bablo defeats evil!] – Title of the third album of the Russian group «Ундервуд» and also the title of the album’s opening song. The lyrics, if you are interested are (in my translation):

«Чей-то голос мне угрожает в трубку 
Там что-то про кэш и про мясорубку 
Bang-bang, свежий стейк, чья-то песенка спета 
Большие деньги любят тишину 
Большие деньги любят тишину 
Большие деньги любят тишину 
Кабинетов 
Бабло победит зло»

[Someone’s voice is threatening me on the phone

Something about cash and a meat grinder

Bang-bang, fresh steak, someone finished his song

Big money love quiet

Big money love quiet

Big money love quiet

Of office environment.

 Bablo will defeat evil…]

 «Грины» [greens] and «баксы» [bucks] – once again, references to American dollars. There is an entertaining theory that the colloquial name of the American dollar, buck, was borrowed by Americans from the «исконно-русского» [original Russian] word «бабки» (see above and yes, this theory doesn’t appear to hold much water).

 Example: «Потратил 46 баксов на два домена с PR=4.» [I spent 46 rubles on two domains with Google Page Rank of 4.]

 «Тугрики» [tugriks] – from the name of the Mongolian currency.

 Example: «Идемте в закрома… где Вы храните свои тугрики.» [Let’s go to the granary… where you keep your money.] from «Золотой Телёнок» [Golden Calf], a wonderful book by Ilya Ilf and Evgeniy Petrov.

 Other money words include «бобы» [beans], «фишки» [tokens], «фарш» [ground meat], «хрусты» [crunchies], «маники» [diminutive plural of “money”], «жатва» [harvest], «зелень» [greens].

 Depending on how you pay for your purchases, your бабки might be «нал» [cash; short for «наличные»] or «безналичка» [credit].

 And, if you find yourself amongst more or less Americanized Russians, say in New York, San Francisco, or Chicago, you can hear a wonderful Rusglish phrase

 «У меня нала нет за паркинг заплатить. Надо зайти в банк, окэшить чек.» [I don’t have cash to pay for parking. Must stop by the bank to cash a check.]

 If this sounds overwhelming, don’t worry. There’s folks wisdom aplenty to provide you some financial advice and guidance. Some of the really good «поговорки» [proverbs] for all tastes and situations include:

 «Деньги – не грибы – и зимой растут.» [Money aren’t like mushrooms; they grow even in winter.]

 «На деньги ума не купишь.» [Money won’t buy smarts.]

 «Здоровье дороже денег.» [Health is more valuable than money.]

 «Копейка рубль бережёт.» [A penny saves a dollar.]

 «Не имей сто рублей, а имей сто друзей.» [Having 100 friends is better than 100 rubles.]

 «Деньги не пахнут.» [Money don’t smell.]

 «Главное не в деньгах.» [It’s not the money that’s most important.]

 «Главное не в деньгах, а в их количестве.» [It’s not the money that’s important, but their quantity.]

 P.S. Let me clarify the proper stress in words «деньгам», «деньгами», «о деньгах»:

 The proper way of placing the stress is on the second syllable: «деньгам», «деньгами», «о деньгах».

 Placing stress on the first syllable, as in «деньгам», «деньгами», «о деньгах» is acceptable, but old-fashioned. Yet in the above-mentioned proverb the stress is preserved on the first syllable! File that one under “exceptions from the grammar rules that drive me crazy”.

There are many words in Russian which are easy to learn and remember because they are very close in both orthography and pronunciation to many words in other Indo-European languages. For example, the word «кризис» means ‘crisis’, and is spelled – even pronounced! – almost the same as the English word: just remember it begins with a «к», has a «з» in the middle, that the stress falls on the first «и» and then you’re ready to go. In this time of «кризис» let’s talk «о деньгах» [about money]. The Russian word for money – «деньги» – is in fact not a Russian word at all. Our close friend «Этимологический словарь русского языка М. Фасмера» [M. Vasmer's Etymologic Dictionary of Russian Language] tells us the following about this word: «заимствованное из татарского и чагатайского (староузбекского) языков: täŋkä – деньги, серебряная монета. Источник этого слова искали в среднеперсидском и новоперсидском словах: dāng, dānag – монета» [borrowed from Tatar and Chagatai (old Uzbek language): täŋkä - money, silver coin. The source for this word has been sought in the Middle Persian and New Persian words: dāng, dānag - coin]. Fasmer points out in his dictionary that the Russian word is not from the Turkish words tamga, damga. Good someone finally cleared that one up!

The Russian word «деньги» is plural, and even though it has the singular form «деньга», this form is never used in speech in Russia. So then why do we need to know that this word is a feminine noun to begin with? I’ll tell you and you’ll thank me for it afterwards – when we put this word through Russian language’s tricky labyrinth of six cases we are very much in need of knowledge of the word’s initial form. Genitive plural of this word is «денег» – but wait, where did this new «е» come from? Actually, there is a hint at it in the nominative plural form «деньги», yes, you guessed it: the «ь» [soft sign] tells us that if an extra vowel should enter this word (which happens not always, but often enough for one to be aware of this when learning new Russian words – one can never be too prepared!) then it must be a soft one, which, of course, «е» is. And why do we need to know this word’s plural genitive form? Because it is the form always used when something is lacking or not existing at all, which we know often happens especially to money. Good expressions to use are, for example: «Нет денег!» [‘There is no money!'] and «Денег не хватает» [‘There's not enough money'].

The money used in Russian is known as «рубль» [ruble]. A «ь» [soft sign] at the end of words in Russian marks not only that a soft vowel should be added to it when changing according to different cases, but that is word is EITHER feminine or masculine. This you can never ‘guess’ just by looking at a Russian word – even if you were to look really, really close at a word for a really, really long time – this you must try to remember with every new word ending on a soft sign that you learn. I’ll help you out with «рубль», though, and tell you that it’s masculine. «Рубль» is a ‘true’ Russian word since it comes from the Old Russian word «рубль» meaning «обрубок, затычка» [stump, stopper (plug)]. Think of the verb «рубить» [impf.: to chop; to chop down; cut down; fell; to slash]! Since this word ends on a soft sign it should change form in the following way by help of the soft vowels «я» and «е»: «два рубля» [two rubles], «десять рублей» [ten rubles], «в рублях» [in rubles] and so on.

In Russia the money – I mean, of course, the rubles – have different cities on them. I think this is pretty interesting, but that might just be me. Be sure to take a closer look at your rubles when in Russia, because not only are there different historical Russian cities on them, but also monuments connected with these cities. Can you guess which ones? And who the people on the Russian money are? Anyway, here’s a list of cities found on Russian rubles:

«10 (десять) рублей – Красноярск» [Krasnoyarsk]

«50 (пятьдесять) рублей – Санкт-Петербург» [Saint Petersburg]

«100 (сто) рублей – Москва» [Moscow]

«500 (пятьсот) рублей – Архангельск» [Archangelsk]

«1000 (тысяча) рублей – Ярославль» [Yaroslavl]

«5000 (пять тысяч) рублей – Хабаровск» [Khabarovsk]

I’ve only owned «Хабаровск» twice in my Russian life – the first time I ever received that large an amount of money was in December 2008, which means that I lived here for four and a half year without ever seeing 5000 rubles up close. This bill is the prettiest bill of them all – not solely because it is a lot of money – but because it’s brick red!

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