Posts under "Spelling"

Oftentimes my friends and I discuss what the proper usage is for greetings and signing off professional e-mails. I work with a lot of internal colleagues and clients alike from all sorts of different fields, and it’s been tough to come to a conclusion as to what’s proper or not, but I think this will serve as a pretty good guide, just in case you’re planning on doing business in Brazil!

For Formal Business/Government Letters: 

Greetings - 

Prezado Senhor/a (nome): 

Estimado Senhor/a (nome):

If you don’t know the person’s name, “Prezado Senhor/a,” or ”Estimado/a,” both work.

Also, if it’s more than one person, adding simply “Srs” or “Senhores” to the end of the greeting can work as well.

Ex. “Prezados Senhores:” 

After greeting them, you might want to follow with what it is you are getting at with the letter.

A good introduction is:

Venho através desta para… – Literally, “I come through this for…” But what it means is ”I am writing this letter to…”

Sign-offs - 

Atenciosamente, 

Grato, 

Cordialmente, 

A “thank you” before signing off is always nice too…

Ex. Agradeço-lhe a atenção. 

Formal e-mails usually follow the same lines, only things tend to be abbreviated.

Formal E-Mails

Greetings - 

Caro, 

Prezado Sr/a.,  

Sign-offs - 

Atenciosamente (or Att.), 

Grato/a, 

Informal E-mails/Letters

I’m personally a big fan of hugs and kisses and smiley faces all around, but I have to be careful as to not send hugs to a client on a first contact. I will usually use one of the greetings above, or simply the person’s name for an informal e-mail. Another greeting can be a simple “Oi (nome)!” (ok, I may have added the exclamation point as something only I do…)

Sign-offs

If it’s an informal e-mail to a client or coworker, Att works just fine.

If you’re more friendly with your client or coworker, or if it’s a good friend, Abraços, is a good sign-off. Especially in Brazil where hugs are welcomed :-)

Since I’m even more Brazilian, I will often end e-mails with Beijos, the same way I would end an informal e-mail to a friend in the US with “Love,”. Just be careful if you’re sending this to a coworker of the opposite sex. They might not take it as friendly as you mean for it to be!

Happy Writing!

beijos,

- poly :-)

 

One thing I always forget the rule to in Portuguese is the difference between abaixo and a baixo. The both sound the same, and they both essentially mean the same (or do they?!). And because of this, I always find myself asking my coworkers time and again, “Ok, I know I’ve asked you this before, but… for this sentence, do I use abaixo or a baixo?”

And so I finally decided to look it up myself to see if it would stick! It’s really, quite simple. Hope this helps you all as well :-)

Abaixo – with all the letters together, abaixo means under or below. It  speaks to something that is positioned in an inferior position to something else. It is an adverb.

Examples -

Segue as minhas respostas abaixo. = My responses are below.

A padaria fica logo abaixo do meu apartamento = The bakery is right under my apartment.

Fun Fact: Abaixo Assinado is the term for “Petition,” and means, “Signed below,” which is what a petition is, no?

A baixo – Separated after the “a,” is always used with a “from above”  type reference. It means,  essentially, down or bottom. It is an adverbial phrase.

Examples -

Eu li aquela carta de cima a baixo e não encontrei nada = I read that letter from top to bottom and didn’t find anything.

Ele me olhou de cima a baixo, fiquei muito contrangida = He looked me up and down, I felt very awkward.

Entendeu? 

After the Portuguese Numbers from 1-100 post, one person commented and asked about ordinals and larger numbers.  So today we’re going to work on ordinals, and I’ll do larger numbers next because personally, I find ordinals in Portuguese, especially past 20, to be quite difficult to memorize (even as a Brazilian)!

Ordinals in Portuguese 1-100

1st primeiro pre-may-roh
2nd segundo seh-goon-doh
3rd terceiro ter-say-roh
4th quarto ku-ar-toh
5th quinto keen-toh
6th sexto says-toh
7th sétimo seh-chee-moh
8th oitavo oy-tah-voh
9th nono noh-nu
10th décimo dess-ee-moh
11th décimo primeiro dess-ee-moh-pre-may-roh
12th décimo segundo dess-ee-moh-seh-goon-doh
20th vigésimo vee-gess-ee-moh
21st vigésimo primeiro vee-gess-ee-moh-pre-may-roh
22nd vigésimo segundo vee-gess-ee-moh-seh-goon-doh
30th trigésimo tree-gess-ee-moh
40th quadragésimo kuah-dra-gess-ee-moh
50th qüinquagésimo ku-een-ku-ah-gess-ee-moh
60th sexagésimo says-tah-gess-ee-moh
70th septuagésimo sep-too-ah-gess-ee-moh
80th octogésimo ock-tah-gess-ee-moh
90th nonagésimo noh-nah-gess-ee-moh
100th centésimo sen-tess-ee-moh
101st centésimo primeiro sem-tess-ee-moh-pre-may-roh

As you can see, once you get to 30, the numbers get geometric (ex. quadragésimo ~ quadrado)!  Also, note the numbers are all masculine here.  When the noun is feminine, for all the numbers above, you switch the last “o” of each word with an “a.”

I was also able to find a quiz on Portuguese Ordinals for those of you who’d like some practice on this. Ordinal Numbers: English-Portuguese.

Today we’re going to learn numbers in Portuguese from 1-100.  I’ve also added the transliteration, or how they’re pronounced, in Brazilian portuguese.

1 um oohm
2 dois doy-z
3 três treh-z
4 quatro kwah-troh
5 cinco seen-coh
6 seis say-z
7 sete seh-chee
8 oito oy-too
9 nove noh-vee
10 dez deh-z
11 onze ohn-zee
12 doze doh-zee
13 treze treh-zee
14 quatorze kwah-tour-zee
15 quinze keen-zee
16 dezesseis* deh-z-ee-say-z
17 dezessete* deh-z-ee-she-chee
18 dezoito deh-z-oy-too
19 dezenove* deh-z-ee-noh-vee
20 vinte veen-chee
21 vinte e um veen-chee-oohm
22 vinte e dois veen-chee-doy-z
30 trinta treen-tah
40 quarenta kwah-ren-tah
50 cinquenta seen-kwen-tah
60 sessenta seh-sen-tah
70 setenta seh-ten-tah
80 oitenta oy-ten-tah
90 noventa noh-ven-tah
100 cem say-m

Numbers in Portuguese are pretty simple as long as you memorize 1-19 and then the “tens,” twenty-one hundred, which, for the most part besides 20, are the root of the single number.  Unlike French numbers, there’s no tricky math or anything.  The patterns are similar to Italian or Spanish numbers.  The starred numbers, 16, 17, and 19 are spelled differently in Portugal, dezasseis, dezassete and dezanove, respectively.

Some people question whether the “e” is correct between “vinte” and “um,” etc.  is correct and whether the number “vinte um,” is not correct itself.  ”Vinte um,” is correct (as is “vinte e um”) when speaking of a quantity of something.

ex,1. Year – ’96 = noventa e seis and not noventa seis

ex,2. Hours – Open 24 hours - Aberto vinte e quatro horas or Aberto vinte quatro horas.

Understandable? Let me know if you have any questions!

On Friday, the Portuguese Parliament passed a law that adopts the Brazilian form of ortografia (spelling) of hundreds of words. The move is a small part of a movement to unify the Portuguese language in the eight countries where Portuguese is spoken.

But the move is not exactly popular in Portugal. Over 33,000 people signed a petition against the law, arguing that the legislation gives in to Brazilian influence. But the President is expected to sign the legislation, and it appears that the law is one step closer to making widespread changes in the Portuguese language all over the world. It will take around six years to incorporate the changes into written materials.

Here are the changes to Portuguese ortografia, based on the Brazilian spelling:

  • three letters have been added to the alphabet: k, w, and y, which are used in foreign words
  • the silent “h”  will no longer be used; words like “húmido” will be come “úmido”
  • the use of other silent consonants, “c” and “p” will be discarded:

-óptimo becomes ótimo
-baptismo becomes batismo
-acto becomes ato
-acção becomes ação

To see the potential changes to the “global” Portuguese language, click here.

Back to the Top