Posts under False Friends

Actually…

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Actually is a false cognate that is often confused by both Portuguese speakers when using English and by English speakers when using Portuguese.

So, actually, the word “actually” in Portuguese would be em realidade or na verdade. For example:

 

Vamos ao cinema. Você quer ver esse filme de ação, né?

Na verdade, quero ver esse filme de romance.

Let’s go to the movies. You want to see that action movie, don’t you?

Actually, I want to see that romantic movie.

 

However, in Portuguese, atualmente, the literal translation of actually, means currently, lately or nowadays.

Atualmente estou trabalhando muito. I’ve been working a lot lately.

Atualmente ele é o gerente da loja. He’s currently the store manager.

 

Part II: Transitioning from Spanish to Portuguese

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Today we’ll take a look at some more false cognates in Spanish and Portuguese, continuing with tips about how to transition from Spanish to Portuguese.

SPANISH                    ENGLISH                PORTUGUESE

barata                          sale                     promoçã
o
cucaracha                   cockroach               barata

Examples:
Hay una barata en esa tienda. There’s a sale at that store. Tem uma promoção nessa loja.

borrar                      to erase                     apagar
manchar                  to stain/smear             borrar

Examples:
Borré el documento entero. I erased the whole document. Apaguei o documento todo.
Manchaste tu camisa. You stained your shirt. Borrou sua camisa.

cuello                       neck                      pescoço
conejo                      rabbit                    coelho

Examples:
Me puse el collar en el cuello. I put the necklace around my neck. Coloquei o colar no meu pescoço.

propina                    tip                        gorjeta
soborno                   bribe                     propina

Example:
Dejaste una propina para el mesero? Did you leave the waiter a tip? Deixou uma gorjeta para o garçom?

And now for the false cognates to end all false cognates.
oficina                      office                                       escritório
taller                        workshop/repairs shop               oficina
escritorio                  desk                                         secretá
rio           
                   

Example:
Estoy en la oficina. I’m at the office. Estou no escritório.
Llevaron el coche al taller. They brought the car into the repairs shop. Levaram o carro à oficina.
Dejé la propuesta en mi escritorio. I left the proposal on my desk. Deixei a proposta no secretário.

 

Part I: Transitioning from Spanish to Portuguese

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Learning Portuguese is considerably easier if you have a background in Spanish, since much of the grammar and even the vocabulary is similar. However, here are some of the pitfalls of transitioning from Spanish to Portuguese.

SPANISH                   ENGLISH                PORTUGUESE

practicar                   practice                    treinar*

Example:

Tengo que practicar el inglés antes de que yo vaya para Inglaterra.
I have to practice English before I go to England.

Tenho que treinar o inglês antes de ir para Inglaterra.

*praticar does exist, but it means to do something over and over again. It’s better to use treinar.

cruzar*                      cross                       atrevessar

Example:
Vamos a cruzar la calle.
Let’s cross the street.
Vamos atrevessar a rua.

*cruzar, in some contexts in Portuguese, means streets or lines that cross; in others, it means “to have relations with”

acordarse               to remember               lembrar-se
despertarse             to wake up                 acordar

Example:

Me acuerdo bien de mi niñez.
I remember my childhood well.
Me lembro bem da minha infância.

Me despierto a las siete todos los dias.
I get up at 7 every day.
Acordo às sete todo dia.

apellido                       last name                sobrenome
apodo                          nickname                 apelido

Example:
Nuestro apellido es Sánchez.
Our last name is Sánchez.
Nosso sobrenome é

Sánchez.

No tengo apodo.
I don’t have a nickname.
Não tenho apelido.

exquisito                   delicious                delicioso
extra
ño                      weird                     esquisito

Example:
El pollo está

exquisito.
The chicken is delicious.
O frango é delicioso.

Ese muchacho es un poco extraño.
That boy is a little weird.
Esse garoto é

um pouco esquisito.

 

Obrigado

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Obrigado means thank you in Portuguese.

The first word many people learn in Portuguese, obrigado is certainly extremely useful.

Since the word is the past participle of the verb obrigar, it is necessary to use the appropriate gender of the word. Males should say obrigado and females ought to use obrigada. As one might imagine, this is a common mistake among beginner Portuguese learners.

Some have speculated that the word obrigado is cognate with the Japanese word for thank you, arigatou (gozaimasu). I’ve heard this one a lot; let me save you a lot of hassle and debate: there is no such connection, though some insist that there is. As I understand it, the coincidence is really amazing; beyond sounding exactly alike, and being commonly used for the same purpose, arigatou and obrigado have even another level of commonality. Arigatou “…is based on two
Chinese characters, one meaning “difficult” and the other “to be”. In other words, I’m so indebted to you, I’m having a hard time even existing over here…” [source].

Given that obrigado literally means ‘I am obligated [to you],’ the coincidence is really spooky. One word derives from Latin (obligare) and the other from ancient Japanese, and yet the two words sound almost the same, literally mean close to the same thing which in both cases is different from the common usage of the word, which is the same for both words. Wow.

 

False Friend: “Advertência”

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Advertência does not mean Advertisement

The word advertência actually means warning in Portuguese. In order to say advertisement, use either anúncio or propaganda.