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Today we’re going to continue our lesson about plural nouns in Portuguese. We’re going to take a look at some of the irregular nouns.

When a noun ends in “ão,” there are different rules for how to make it plural, and it is simply a matter of memorization to remember which nouns have which rule.

1. ão to ãos
irmão –> irmãos  [brother -> brothers]
mão –> mãos  [hand -> hands]

2. ão to ães
cão –> cães  [dog -> dogs]
pão –> pães  [bread -> bread (plural)]
alemão –> alemães [German --> Germans]

3. ão to ões
organização –> organizações  [organization -> organizations]
gavião –> gaviões  [hawk -> hawks]
avião –> aviões  [airplane -> airplanes]

Also, nouns that end with “em” change to ens.

nuvem –> nuvens  [cloud -> clouds]
bem –> bens  [good -> goods]
trem –> trens  [train -> trains]

Today, we’re going to learn about the açaí berry.

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Grown in the Amazon, northern Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Guyana, this fruit is known for its high energy content and delicious taste as a smoothie. Though its use as a food dates back to pre-Colombian indigenous tribes, this fruit was only popularized on the Brazilian market int he 1980s and 90s. The name is a Tupi word, which means “crying fruit,” or fruit that expels water.

acai.jpgThe açaí tree looks like a palm tree, which can grow up to 25 meters high. The entire tree can be used for different things: the leaves, for forest huts, the roots, as a pesticide, the seeds, for jewelery, and the heart of palm, for food and medicine. The açaí berry itself is not eaten raw, but instead made into juice or a smoothie, as well as candy, jam and ice cream.

They typical açaí smoothie, which is a popular snack all over Brazil, is made by mixing the pulp with ice, and sometimes adding bananas, strawberries, and other fruit. People frequently mix in granola as they eat the smoothie. In the Amazon and Northern Brazil, however, it’s common to mix in manioc flour or tapioca, or to drink the juice without sugar or additives.

Açaí is very healthy, when eaten in reasonable amounts. For every 100 grams of pulp, it has nearly 4 grams of protein, nearly 17 grams of fiber, and 118 milligrams of calcium. It’s a healthy alternative to an energy drink, but is high in caloric content.

Yesterday, one of Brazil’s most famous singers, Caetano Veloso, celebrated a special day: his mom, Dona Canô, turned 101. A mass was held in her honor in her town of Santo Amaro, Bahia, and her eight children, nine grandchildren, and five great-grandchildren helped celebrate.

In honor of Dona Canô’s birthday, we’re going to learn the birthday song, sung to the tune of “Happy Birthday” with the translation:

Parabéns pra você          [Happy birthday to you]
Nesta data querida         [on this special day]
Muitas felicidades          [lots of happiness]
Muitos anos de vida       [many years to live]

[Repeat]

Plural nouns in Portuguese can be a little confusing, so we’re going to take a look at them in a three part series.

Today, we’re going to look at the set of regular nouns, which are the easiest to deal with.

1. Words ending in vowels
Just add an “s.”

janela –> janelas [window -> windows]
cotovelo –> cotovelos [elbow -> elbows]
jacaré –> jacarés [crocodile -> crocodiles}

2. Words ending in "r" "s" or "z"
Add an "es."

cor--> cores [color -> colors]
mês –> meses [month -> months]*
chafariz –> chafrizes [fountain -> fountains]

*note that the circumflex disappears in the plural

3. Words that are always plural

os parabéns [congratulations]
as costas   [back] of body
os óculos   [eyeglasses]
as férias  [vacation]

Globo reported that a truck full of cebolas (onions) had an accident on a major highway in Joinville, Santa Catarina on Sunday, when it flipped over and spilled its contents all over the road. Right after the onion truck accident, a truck carrying candy slipped on the onions and also flipped over. Both drivers were hospitalized with minor injuries. For the story in Portuguese, click here.

on1.jpg

Foto:
Jessé Giotti/Diário Catarinense/Ag.RBS

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