Posts in January 2009

Who wants ‘hval’?

Posted by Kari

For those of you who don’t know what hval is, it is whale.  Norway is one of the few countries in the world that still practices whaling.  Prior to the mid 20th century, many nations practised whaling as it was an important source of income and employment.  Norway has supported whaling since the beginning of its existence as a land mass with people.  The indigenous people of Norway, in particular, consider whaling to be a very valuable source of cultural and economic importance.  In general, whaling is practised all along the western coast of Norway between May and August when other fish are not as prevalent.  As many of you might guess, the fact that Norwegians pracitce whaling is quite controversial.  Think ‘Baby Beluga.’ 

Scientific research has told us that the population of whales is diminishing.  Greenpeace dedicates its efforts to halt the practice of whaling worldwide.  The organization singles out Japan and Norway as super-resisters because they are the only 2 countries that continued whaling after the IWC (International Whaling Commission) moratorium established in 1986.  All other countries except for Norway and Japan stopped whaling by 1990.  Ironically, Norway is a member of the IWC, who chose to respect the moratorium until 1990 at which point the IWC was supposed to perform a serious assessment of the effects of the decision on whale stocks and consider modification of the moratorium.  The IWC apparently did not do this.  In 1993 the Norwegian government made an executive decision to resume whaling. 

Norwegians only hunt the Northeast Atlantic minke whale population, which is numbered at approximately 100,000.  Prior to the moratorium Norway caught about 2,000 whales a year.  The quota for 2007 was 1052.  Norway is environmentally conscious in its whale hunting efforts.  However, since most people do not know about all the different species of whale that exist and assume that all whales are in dire extinction, the fact that Norway and Japan are the 2 principal nations that practice whaling today is upsetting to many people.  One thing I will say is that it’s much easier to stay away from whale’s meat than it is beef, pork, and chicken.  We all know quite a few people who do not support the idea of large scale animal farming, but yet still consume the meat. 

I tried whale twice when I was in Norway.  I bought a whale sandwich one time and I bought just straight-up whale when I was at the fish market in Bergen 2 separate times.  Although whale has quite a fishy taste, I liked it.  Very gamey. 

Whaling is something that Norwegians have done for centuries for economic and cultural purposes and I personally believe that as long as the whale population they are hunting is not in jeopardy, it is quite alright for them to continue hunting in a well-regulated manner that promises the quickest and most efficient kill.

 

Norske kroner

Posted by Kari

Today I’m going to give alle dere (all of you) a lesson on Norwegian currency aka. norske kroner (Norwegian crowns).  Norwegian currency, like most, consists of both paper bills and coin.  There are a few things I’ve always appreciated about Norwegian currency.  I think it’s brilliant that the bills are different sizes and not only are the coins different sizes, but some denominations have holes in the middle and some do not.  These features make it easier for foreigners, young children, and especially blind people to tell the difference between denominations.  After I became familiar with Norwegian currency, I began to think to myself, “why doesn’t all currency have these features?  It only makes sense…”  And to be honest, I have no idea if the reason for these features is for the assumed purpose, but I can only guess so.

If you travel to Norway and will be either selling or purchasing goods, you will want to be familiar with norske kroner.  By the way, I wasn’t able to find very much information on Norwegian currency and why it is the way it is, but if I could take a guess as to why the currency in Norway is referred to as ‘crowns,’ I would presume it is because Norway is a very nationalistic country and not only does royalty exist, but it is very important to the Norwegian people.  I suppose, hypothetically speaking, if there had ever been a king or queen of the United States, after we abolished royalty, would have re-named our currency.  Norway, on the other hand, still has a king and a queen, so they still have crowns!

Norwegian coins come in the following denominations: 50 øre, 1 krone, 5 kroner, 10 kroner, and 20 kroner. Norwegian bills come in the following denominations: 50 kroner, 100 kroner, 200, kroner, 500 kroner, and 1000 kroner. Today the exchange rate is 1 dollar = 6.76 kroner. When I was in Norway 2 years go, I believe the exchange rate was 7 crowns to the dollar, which isn’t too much different than it is right now, but I believe it has been much worse in the last 2 years.  Even as recent as 5 years ago, the dollar was worth much more.  My Norwegian friends and relatives who have visited in the last 5 years have gone crazy at the Mall of America (which is only 45 minutes from my house by the way) and spent way more money than we would ever think of spending there.  Part of it of course is because the average Norwegian has more expendable income than the average American, but part of it is also because the Norwegian crown is worth more than our dollar, so Norwegians get a bargain for their money here.

Another feature of Norwegian currency that I respect is the fact that Norwegians not only recognize important politcal figures, but cultural figures in their history as well.  For instance, Peter Christian Asbjørnsen is on the 50 kroner bill.  He was a famous writer and scholar of Norwegian folklore.  Kirsten Flagstad is on the 100 kroner bill.  She was an opera singer.  Kristian Birkeland was a scientist who who led several expeditions to northern Norway and discovered important scientific developments including magnetic currents.  Sigrid Undset, who won the Nobel Prize in literature in 1928 is on the 200 kroner bill, and the famous artist Edvard Munch is on the 500 kroner bill.  I think it is great that Norway recognizes cultural figures on their paper bills.

Now that you have a lesson on Norwegian currency, practice saying kroner (pronounced ‘krooooner’ with flipped Rs) and penger (means money and is pronounced just how it reads, with a soft g).

 

Brown cheese

Posted by Kari

Gjetost or Gudbrandsdalost are the two most common names for this delicious Norwegian cheese.  You might also see it spelled geitost or if you are in Sweden it would be mesost and in Denmark myseost.  Ost means cheese, geit or gjet means goat and Gudbrandsdalost means cheese from the Gudbrandsdal valley (dal is valley).  Many Norwegians actually just call it brunost or brown cheese for it’s brown caramelly color.  I absolutely love cheese, so much that I would rather have gas and bloating rather than not eat cheese if I were lactose intolerant.  I love cheddar, brie, mozzerella, parmesan, provolone, swiss, pepperjack, jarlsberg (another Norwegian cheese), bleu cheese, o.s.v. (means etc.).  But, my alltime favorite cheese is gjetost.

There are several different kinds of gjetost. There is Gudbrandsdalost which is actually only 24% goat’s milk and the rest cow’s milk.  Then there is gjetost which is made from goat’s milk and no cow’s milk.  The difference in taste is the sharpness.  The more goat’s milk, the sharper and stronger the taste.  Brunost made from part cow’s milk has a more mellow taste.  Either way you make gjetost you need milk from either a cow or a goat, as well as whey and cream.  It is made by boiling the three ingredients to the point that the water evaporates and the sugar from the milk caramelizes, giving the cheese it’s brown color and sweet flavor.

In addition to the solid form of cheese that the above-said process creates, there is also a version of cream cheese that has been developed from these ingredients, by boiling them for a shorter time.  This version of the cheese is called prim and is spreadable like our Philadelphia cream cheese.

Gjetost is typically used as a topping for an open-faced sandwich or wrapped up in lefse, but it can also be used as part of sauce for game animals, often mixed with juniper berries.  This I have never had, but I’m sure I would love.  I would think it would be something like us having cranberries with game and then mixing some sweet cheese in!

I am in love with gjetost. You can find it in supermarkets in the midwest and I’m sure in the northwest, but it’s just not as good as the gjetost that you can find in Norway.  The brand I have most often seen here is called ‘Skiqueen’ which apparently comes from Norway, but I never saw it there.  The only brand of cheese I really ever saw in Norway besides jarlsberg was Tine.

If you have never had gjetost I would highly advise getting your paws on some.  It’s so great because it’s sweet, but it’s still cheese, so it’s very versatile in terms of when during the day it might sound good-and the answer to that is alltid (always)!!

 

Vidkun Quisling-’the Hitler of Norway’

Posted by Kari

Vidkun Quisling is undoubtedly the only Norwegian individual (and among but a small number of individuals regardless of geographic origin) for whom a noun has been created.  The name “Quisling” is synonymous with “traitor.”  I’m sure many people have heard somebody referred to as this, but I would be willing to bet most people don’t know exactly where “Quisling” came from.

Vidkun Abraham Lauritz Jonssøn Quisling was a Norwegian army officer and politician who served as minister-president of Norway for three years during World War II.  Back in 1933 at the time when Adolph Hitler was forging his political career, Vidkun Quisling got the Nazi ball rolling in Norway when he established the Norwegian nationalist party, Nasjonal Samling. Oddly enough, Vidkun was the son of a Lutheran pastor and seemed to have a relatively undisturbed early life.  His fascist, aggressive tendencies must have begun to develop when he became part of the military.  At the age of 24, the young man achieved the rank of major in the Norwegian army.

When Quisling created the fascist Nasjonal Samling in 1933 it didn’t appear to be very threatening.  Several years later, however, the party line gradually became less religious and more pro-Nazi and anti-Semitic.  In fact, in 1936 the party received fewer votes than it did in 1933 at the time of its establishment.  It wasn’t until after the war began and Quisling held political control that the number of party members increased.

The Germans invaded Norway in 1940 and remained a strong presence there throughout the war, if not physically, indirectly through Nasjonal Samling. The morning after the invasion, after prompts from the German authorities, Quisling broke into a local Oslo broadcaster’s office and pronounced himself Prime Minister of Norway.  At that point, the majority of Norwegians viewed Vidkun Quisling as a traitor.  This is how his name found it’s way into most major dictionaries, defined in the American Heritage Dictionary as “A traitor who serves as the puppet of the enemy occupying his or her country.”

The day after Quisling pronounced himself sole ruler of Norway, the Minister of Germany traveled to Elverum, where the legitimate government was hiding, and tried to convince Kong Haakon (King Haakon, king of Norway during WWII) to appoint Quisling as Prime Minister.  Although Quisling had already named himself with this title, without the beloved Kong Haakon’s support, the people of Norway would not follow.  At this point, Quisling really wasn’t of much interest to Hitler.

During his time in illegitimate power, Quisling lived in a mansion on the island of Bygdøy outside of Oslo.  He was executed in 1945 for high treason at the Akershus fortress in Oslo.  He was given the chance to either commit suicide or escape into exile, but he chose his pride.

The place in which he dwelled during his stay in power is now a Holocaust museum called Villa Grande.  When I studied in Norway, I took a class on the Holocaust and we took a day trip to Villa Grande. It was quite ironic to be inside it and imagine it as a place where a Nazi lived and schemed.  What a great way to transform a place of bad memory.

 

Head, shoulders, knees and toes!

Posted by Kari

Hodet, skuldrer, kne og tå! Let’s talk about the kropp (body) in this post.  My kropp has not felt great lately.  We just came out of an arctic spell…I think we endured 86 hours straight of subzero temperaturer.  Today is the first relatively nice day (no less than a 45 degree temperatur increase from a week ago when we were at negative 22 grader).  So finally I was able to get outside with my valp (puppy) and trene litt (exercise a little bit).  As we all know, kroppen (the body) needs physical exercise to function optimally mentally (mentalsk), physically (fysisk) and psychologically (psykologisk).

hodet - the head                ryggen -the back                  kinner - cheeks

magen -the stomach         øre -ear                                 tenner - teeth

et bein - a leg                   øyner -eyes                          nese -nose

armen - the arm                lepper - lips                         en fot - a foot

rumpe -butt                      fingrer -fingers                    en hånd -a hand

As you can tell, there are quite a few cognates.  Magen and ryggen are probably the 2 body parts that do not resemble their English counterparts.  I feel like at this point in the year my mage is at it’s largest (you know, pack on the winter warmth), and my rygge hurts (too much lying around).  It has been so cold that all we want to do and all that is recommended by doctors is to stay inside and eat warm, hearty food.  This means lots of extra calories ingested and lots of hours watching movies.  It’s called January hibernation in Minnesota.

Today was a nice 25 grader so I was able to go outside and take my valp for a jog.  And now….beinene mine (my legs) hurt, føttene mine (my feet) are sår (sore) and hele kroppen (whole body) is trøtt (tired).

Let’s learn a little vocab to describe things related to the body.  What can most people probably benefit from more of?

sovn (sleep), trening (excercise), sunn mat (healthy food), mindre tv (less tv), sol (sun), å lese (to read).

And what could people live without?

røyking (smoking), alkohol (alcohol), datamaskinspiller (computer games), å være innendørs (to be inside), usunn mat (unhealthy food).

Everyone knows though, that it is unhealthy to try to be perfectly healthy.  It is impossible to stay sane in this world while trying to choose the healthiest option all the time.  So, as we have all heard time and time again, it is of utmost importance to find balans in life.  Everyone’s balans is going to look a little different, but it’s something we could all benefit from and something I think we can look to Norway for inspiration.

Norwegians seem to be very healthy people.  They typically smoke and drink less than most other European countries, eat well, have ample leisure time, practice gender equality, have a low mortality rate, lots of clean air, and are generally happy people.  When I applaud Norwegians for being a healthy people, I am certainly not saying that other cultures aren’t equally as healthy.  I just have more first-hand experience with them.

Now for the rest of the day I’m going to be distracted at work trying to figure out how I can find that perfect balans in my life…….