20 – i ship (이십)
30 – sam ship (삼십)
40 – sa ship (사십)
50 – o ship (오십)
60 – yuk ship (육십)
70 – chil ship (칠십)
80 – pal ship (팔십)
90 – gu ship (구십)
100 – bek (백)
200 – i bek (이백)
300 – sam bek (삼백)
For numbers 20 – 90, it’s the # plus 10. Ex: 20 = two (이) + ten (십). To say something like 24 (이십사), it’s 20 (이십) + 4 (사). 100 is just bek (). It’s not il bek, but just bek. However from 200 – 900, it’s the # plus 100. For example, 300 (삼백) = 3 (삼) + 100 (백).
0 – young (영)
0 – gong (공)
1 – il (일)
2 – e (이)
3 – sam (삼)
4 – sa (사)
5 – o (오)
6 – yuk (육)
7 – chil (칠)
8 – pal (팔)
9 – gu (구)
10 – ship (십)
11 – ship il (십일)
12 – ship e (십이)
There are two ways to say zero in the Sino Korean number system. To form the numbers 11-19, it’s the number ten in Korean plus the number of the second digit. For example, 13 will be ship (십) or ten plus three or sam (삼). The Native Korean numbers can only go from 1-99, but the Sino Korean numbers can start from zero and have the potential to go to infinity.
The next time we meet we’ll go further with the Sino Korean numbers. See you next time or daum eh bayo (다음에 봐요)!
20 – sumul (스물)
30 – surun (서른)
40 – mahun (마흔)
50 – shwin (쉰)
60 – yesun (예순)
70 – ilhun (일흔)
80 – yodun (여든)
90 – ahun (아흔)
100 – bek (백)
One thing I want to point out is that numbers ending in 1, 2, 3, or 4 will be shortened when a counter follows the number. For example, 11 cars will be yol han de (열한 대) instead of yol hana de.
Here are the shortened forms:
hana (하나) = han (한)
dul (둘) = du (두)
set (셋) = se (세)
net (넷) = ne (네)
1 – hana (하나)
2 – dul (둘)
3 – set (셋)
4 – net (넷)
5 – dasot (다섯)
6 – yosot (여섯)
7 – ilkop (일곱)
8 – yodolph (여덟)
9 – ahop (아홉)
10 – yol (열)
11 – yol hana (열하나)
12 – yol dul (열둘)
There are two number systems in Korean. One of them is the Native Korean number system. To form numbers 11-19, add the word for ten with a single digit number. For example, 13 – yol set (열셋) or ten (열) and three (셋).
We’ll stop here for today.
I tried to think of some useful phrases that might be useful at some point in your life.
여보세요 – (yoboseyo) hello (only used when answering the phone)
내일 만나요 – (neil manayo) see you tomorrow (literally, “meet tomorrow”)
다음에 또 봐요 – (daume ddo bayo) see you again next time
나중에 봐요 – (najunge bayo) see you later
잘 가요 – (jal kayo) take care (used when someone is about to leave)
수고했어요 – (sugo hessoyo) this one is hard to translate. It means something like, “good work” or “good job”.
조심하세요 – (joshimhaseyo) be careful
환영합니다 - (hwanyunghamnida) welcome
어서오세요 – (uhsooseyo) welcome, but in the context of a store or restaurant to a customer coming in
둘어오세요 – (duluhoseyo) “come in”, when inviting a guest over to your home
행운을 빌어요 – (hengunul beroyo) good luck
잠시만 기다리세요 – (jamshiman gidariseyo) please wait a moment
도와 주세요 – (dowa juseyo) please help me
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