Posts in September 2009

La Festa della Santa Croce

Posted by Serena

By far the most important religious and social event that takes place in Lucca is La Festa della Esaltazione della Santa Croce (The Festival of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross) which happens each year on the 13th and 14th of September. This year, for the first time in ages we decided to go into Lucca on the evening of the 13th to witness the most spectacular part of the celebrations, la processione notturna a lume di candela (the nocturnal procession by candlelight) which is known as La Luminara. As with most things that we revisit after years of absence, the candlelit procession didn’t quite live up to my expectations. For example, I had remembered all the city lights turned off, and the streets illuminated only by candlelight and of course it wasn’t quite like that. For a start there were the television cameras to accommodate, with their dazzling spotlights in Piazza San Martino somewhat detracting from the beautiful facade of Il Duomo (The Cathedral) which was otherwise lit only by flaming torches. The spotlight were also ‘fortuitous’, I suppose, for all the participating local town mayors and politicians who would naturally want to be as visible as possible on the Lucca TV station, or am I just succumbing to Italian cinismo! Nevertheless, it is still a very pretty sight, with literally thousands of candles decorating the buildings located along the route taken by the lenghty procession.    

The festival, which has taken place for many centuries, is based on the culto del Volto Santo di Lucca (cult of the Holy Effigy of Lucca), a cult once widespread throughout medieval Europe. The Volto Santo is in fact a famous crocifisso ligneo (wooden crucifix) which has a number of fascinating legends surrounding it. This famous depiction of Christ on the cross is believed to have been carved out of a Lebanese cedar tree by Nicodemus, whose hand, it is said, was guided by angels. During the time of the crusades and the persecution of the Christians, many such religious relics were hidden away to avoid their destruction. At some point, in order to ensure its safety, the Volto Santo was placed on a crewless boat and entrusted to the waves of the open Mediterranean sea. Having crossed the Mediterranean, and survived attacks by pirates, it was eventually washed up on the shore at Luni on the Tuscan coast. There then ensued many longwinded arguments between the Lunigiani and the Lucchesi over who should take possession of it, and where it should be placed (hmmm, nothing changes!), which were finally resolved by entrusting it once again to the laws of chance (as I said, nothing changes!). The Volto Santo was placed on a cart drawn by two wild oxen who of their own accord took the road to Lucca, and ecco fatto its fate was decided.

Initially, the Volto Santo was placed in the church of San Frediano, however the following day it disappeared, only to mysteriously turn up on the other side of town in a vegetable plot near  the Duomo di San Martino. This was taken as an indication by the Volto Santo that it preferred S.Martino, and it still resides there to this day. Every year, the crucifix’s journey between S.Frediano and S.Martino is commemorated by the famous candlelit procession through the streets of Lucca. The procession is so long that by the time the head of the procession is entering S.Martino, its tail is still within S.Frediano.

 

 

 

La Mantide Religiosa

Posted by Serena

September is the time of year when we start noticing le mantidi religiose (the praying mantises), which are very common here in Italy. I had always wondered why they seemed to appear so late in the year, and where they arrived from, but a quick investigation revealed the simple fact that they are already present from about May or June, when they hatch out of their ooteche (a kind of hard cocoon containing up to 200 eggs), but are simply too small and too well camuffate (camouflaged) to be easily seen.

Le Mantidi religiose take their name from the fact that they keep their two powerful front legs folded before them in an attitude of prayer in preparation for a lightning strike on their preda (prey). Their leafy green coloring, and plant like shape enables them to camuffarsi (camouflage themselves) easily amongst the foliage as they patiently await an unsuspecting mosca (fly) or other small insect. They are able to rotate their strange alien like head through 180 degrees in order to detect their pasto (meal), and when the opportune moment arrives their zampe anteriori (front legs), which are armed with sharp spines, spring out to grab the unsuspecting prey, which has the pleasure of being eaten alive.

But the worst is yet to come. Let’s just say that the mating habits of le mantidi leave a lot to be desired, and if you want to know exactly what they get up to you will have to do a bit of homework and translate this!:

L’accoppiamento delle mantidi è caratterizzato da cannibalismo: la femmina, dopo essersi accoppiata, o anche durante l’atto, divora il maschio partendo dalla testa mentre gli organi genitali proseguono nell’accoppiamento. Questo comportamento è dovuto al bisogno di proteine nella rapida produzione di uova; prova ne sia che la femmina allevata in cattività, essendo ben nutrita, spesso “risparmia” il maschio.

Buon appetito!

 

A night at the opera

Posted by Serena

‘O.K., before all you opera fans start getting excited I will openly admit that on the whole I’m not that keen on it. That is, I’m not completely adverse to some of the tunes, especially the famous arias such as Nessun Dorma, but I wouldn’t normally go out of my way to see a performance, in fact to be honest there are certain soprano voices that have the same effect on me that the dragging of fingernails across a blackboard have on other people! However, it just so happened that this summer a friend of ours offered to take us to a performance of Puccini’s Turandot at the famous open air opera house perched on the shore of Lago di Massaciuccoli near Torre del Lago in Tuscany.

I don’t really want to go into much detail about Puccini as I’ve already written an article about him here, suffice it to say that Torre del Lago is the place where Puccini lived and composed his famous operas for many years. Being a nature lover, Puccini always dreamt of having his works performed in the open air against the backdrop of Lago di Massaciuccoli, and in August 1930 his dream became a reality for the first time when a performance took place on a temporary stage in front of the maestro’s house. Later, in 1966 the Puccini Festival became an annual event, changing its location to an upgraded open air theatre on a nearby piece of reclaimed land. More recently the Comune di Viareggio purchased a large area of land on the lake shore near Villa Puccini and created the Parco della Musica, the centerpiece of which is Il Teatro dei Quattromila (The Theatre of 4,000), so named for its seating capacity, although in reality it only seats 3,200 spectators, but hey we Italians are not adverse to a little ‘exaggeration’.

Allora, my impressions of our night at the opera, what indelible memories have I carried away from this unique experience?

Firstly, getting there: in typical Italian style this famous location was sparsely signposted, priority having been given to those kind of multistory signposts which indicate every bar, albergo, factory, municipal police station etc. etc. within a 10 km radius, but never mention the thing that you’re actually looking for. However, informed guesswork finally took us in the right direction, well, when I say informed guesswork what I mean is we just followed the massive crawling traffic jam of cars crammed with what were obviously, judging by their attire, ‘Opera Buffs’.

With the opera about to start, and no car park in sight, we democratically kicked my husband out of the car to go and find the biglietteria and pick up our prepaid tickets. Opening the door of our air conditioned car my husband emerged into the humid heat of a sultry August evening to be swept away into the darkness by the torrent of late opera goers, however he accomplished his mission admirably and we finally found our seats in the impressive modernistic amphitheater just as the show was about to begin.

Memorable impressions: the imposing modernistic amphitheater only seemed to have one toilet for the 3,000 odd spectators, hence most of the first 30 minute interval was spent queuing to fare il bisognino (relieve oneself); lots of ‘Opera Buffs’ attired in their, to our ‘country bumpkin’ eyes, slightly ridiculous abiti da sera (evening dress), which included some outrageous wedding cake style dresses worn by le signore, while the men sported some seriously expensive indumenti firmati (designer clothes).

The highlight of act two was a splendid electrical storm over the nearby Alpi Apuane which threatened to overshadow the spectacle of the opera (not a difficult task in my opinion), and came close to answering the question that we had all asked ourselves: ‘what happens when it pours with rain on 3,000 spectators in an open air theatre?’ Then there was the impromptu cacophony of the local dogs as they added their contribution to the chorus. Actually this quite livened up the performance, as did the occasional wafting of a disco beat from the alternative nightlife of a nearby beach resort.

Oh yes, I nearly forgot, the opera itself, Turandot: three hours with only one major set change, an unintelligible storyline (should have done my homework beforehand), my husband summed it all up with one of his favorite phrases, ‘Suddenly………….nothing happened!’ yet just as total brain death began to seem inevitable along came the magical Nessun Dorma, and somehow it all seemed worthwhile, almost.

But the most exciting part was yet to come, the Gran Finale of the evening, ‘Escape from Torre del Lago’.

Occasionally my husband has good ideas, and as he unfolded his cunning plan we began to realize that this was one of them. Having observed the chaos of the parking arrangements, and the massive queues for the bar and toilets, he wisely suggested that on hearing the final note of the opera we should run for it in a desperate attempt to get to our car and hit the road before the other 3,000 members of the audience realized what was happening. The only snag was that none of us knew Turandot, so how could we be sure when the last note arrived? Yet after one or two false alarms (Puccini liked to draw his endings out), the biggest and loudest note of all finally came and before the first pair of hands had begun to applaud we were off and heading down the stairs, followed by the thundering feet of the best part of three thousand other opera lovers who had all had the same great idea. Oh how I enjoy an evening of culture!

 

 

Mind where you put your adjectives!

Posted by Serena

At the end of my previous blog dealing with  adjectives and their positions I said: “Finally, there are some cases in which adjectives change meaning according to their position, but I will save that for a rainy day!” Well il giorno piovoso (the rainy day) has finally arrived after almost two months of siccità (dryness), so here is that blog! The following examples illustrate how the position of the adjective can change the meaning expressed by the sentence.

The adjectives grande (big), buono/a (good), and povero/a (poor) have a literal meaning when they follow the noun:

È una donna grande - She is a big woman

È un uomo buono - He is a good man

È una donna povera - She is a poor woman (i.e. without money)

 

However when these same adjectives precede the noun they take on a more metaphoric meaning:

È una gran donna - She is a great woman (N.B. we drop the ‘-de’ from grande for pronunciation reasons)

È un buon uomo - He is a naive man

È una povera donna – She is an unfortunate woman

 

Here are a few more adjectives that change meaning according to their position:

Certe notizie – some particular pieces of news / notizie certe – definite news

Diversi vestiti – several clothes / vestiti diversi – different clothes

Numerose famiglie – many families / famiglie numerose – big families

È una semplice operazione – it’s just an operation / è un’operazione semplice – it’s an easy operation

Un’unica foto - a single photo / una foto unica – a unique photo

Una vecchia amica – an old friend / un’amica vecchia – an elderly friend

 

Now have a go at translating the following sentence, paying close attention to the position of the adjectives in italics:

Ieri ho visto un’amica vecchia, che è andata dal dottore per fare un semplice controllo. Finora, quella povera donna non ha ottenuto risultati certi, ma il dottore pensa che si tratti di un caso unico.

 

Mike Bongiorno, il Re del Quiz

Posted by Serena

On the 8th September 2009 Mike Bongiorno, il Re del Quiz (The King of the Quiz), passed away from a heart attack, aged 85. Born in the United States of an Italian mother and Italian-American father, Mike Bongiorno was one of the very first Italian television presenters, having been on air since the birth of the new media in January 1954. He has always been considered Italy’s ‘King of Quiz’ largely because it was him who introduced the quiz show concept to Italian TV. The first of these was named Lascia o Raddoppia? (Leave or Double), the Italian version of an American show called The $64,000 Question. This show was so successful with audiences that cinemas all over Italy had to stay closed when the program was broadcast every Thursday night between 1955 and 1959.

Following his early success Mike Bongiorno went on to presente an incredible series of popular games, inducing the writer Umberto Eco to pen an essay in the early Sixties entitled Fenomenologia di Mike Bongiorno (A study of the Mike Bongiorno phenomenon). In his study, Eco sustains that the success of Mike Bongiorno is due to his “absolute mediocrity”, in other words the spectator sees his/her own mediocre limitations glorified. Mike Bongiorno was also famous for his many gaffes, which included asking a widow about her husband’s health, or making mistakes while reading the questions and not noticing them, a factor which also contributed to the sense of mediocrity presented in the shows. But these famous gaffes were one of his trademarks and made him a more memorable personality, therefore they were never edited from his shows, even when the programs were prerecorded.

One of his most important shows was Rischiatutto (Risk Everything) broadcast from 1970 to 1974, which introduced the ‘technology’ element, special effects, and even la valletta “parlante” (the “talking” assistant) to TV. But Mike Bongiorno was more than just a quiz show presenter, he was also the person who introduced pubblicità (commercials) to Italian TV, including quiz shows sponsored by private businesses, such as car, or clothing manufacturers, who gain publicity through the show.

Mike Bongiorno was un infaticabile lavoratore (a tireless worker) and, despite his age, he was still active and working up until the day he died, in fact he was scheduled to start a new show later this year.

I will end with Bongiorno’s famous trademark exclamation:

Allegria!