Posts in April 2009

French Grammar - The Partitive Article

Posted by Chanda

The partitive article in French is the English equivalent of ’some’ and ‘any’.  So, it is very often used and thus, very important to learn.  First, let’s talk about the form:

Before a masculine noun - du
Before a feminine noun - de la
Before a masculine or feminine plural noun - des
Before a masculine or feminine singular noun beginning with a vowel or silent h - de l’

And here is how you use them:
Before a concrete or abstract noun to indicate an uncertain quantity or a part of a whole that can not be counted.  In other words, with non-count nouns.  For example:
Je mange toujours du pain avec les repas. (I always eat bread with meals.)
Je vais prendre de la monnaie.  (I’m going to take some money.)
J’ai mangé des carottes.  (I ate some carrots.)
Je bois toujours de l’eau avec les repas.  (I always drink water with meals.) 

Remember, the partitive article is often used with the verb faire (to do): faire du vélo, faire du sport, faire de la guitare, faire des études, faire du théâtre, etc.

Be careful as you may forget to use the article as it is often omitted in English! 

Also, use only de after adverbs of quantity like beaucoup and moins.  For example,
Je bois beaucoup d’eau avec les repas.  (I drink a lot of water with meals.)
Je mange moins de pain les weekends.  (I eat less bread on the weekends.)  

And, use only de in negative sentences.  For example,
Je ne bois pas d’eau.  (I don’t drink water.)
Je ne mange pas de pain avec les repas.  (I don’t eat bread with meals.)
Je ne vais pas prendre de monnaie.  (I’m not going to take any money.)

 

French Vocabulary - Face Riddles

Posted by Chanda

I was working on some vocabulary with my daughters and I came up with an idea for a blog article that I thought might be fun.  First of all, let’s go over some face vocabulary:

la bouche mouth
la joue / les joues one cheek / cheeks
le front forehead
le menton chin
le nez nose
le visage face
les cheveux hair
les cils eyelashes
les sourcils eyebrows
un œil / les yeux one eye / eyes
une dent / les dents one tooth / teeth
une oreille / les oreilles one ear / ears

And now, I am going to give you some “riddles” in French so that you can guess what vocabulary word I am referring to.  Let us know what your answers are in a comment.  Who can get them all?
I’ll give you the answers in a future article.  Bonne chance!

1.  Nous sommes deux.  De temps en temps nous en avons besoin de lunettes.  Que sommes-nous?
2.  Nous aimons bien qu’on nous lave et qu’on nous brosse.  Que sommes-nous?
3. Je donne du support aux lunettes.  Quand je sens une démangeaison, j’éternue.  Que suis-je?
4. On nous laisse pousser.  Nous tombons et puis nous poussons de nouveau.  Que sommes-nous?
5. Quand je suis trop petit, on dit «Ouvre grand !».  Que suis-je ? 

 

Le Jour de la Terre

Posted by Chanda

It’s Le Jour de la Terre (Earth Day) so, I thought I would celebrate it with a list of environment-related French vocabulary.

des aliments écologiques

ecological food

développement durable

sustainable development

écologie

ecology

l’énergie solaire

solar power

l’environnement

the environment

l’érosion

erosion

la couche d’ozone

the ozone layer

la déforestation

deforestation

la diversité biologique

biodiversity

le climat

climate

le réchauffement de la planète

global warming

le recyclage

recycling

les déchets nucléaires

nuclear waste

les déchets solides

solid waste

les énergies renouvelables

renewable energies

les ressources non renouvelables

non-renewable resources

pluies acides

acid rain

polluer

pollute

une espèce menacée

an endangered species

un habitat

a habitat

The official Québec Jour de la Terre website with information about Earth Day celebrations and projects there can be found at www.jourdelaterre.org.

 

French Vocabulary - Word Building

Posted by Chanda

Building funny French phrases is a way to learn more vocabulary and even improve your grammar.  The challenge lies in finding a root word and then expressing the same word as a noun, adverb, verb and adjective all in the same sentence.  Here are some examples:

La commode commode a été accommodée commodément.
Le commentateur a commenté comment ce commentaire aussi commenté?
Les enthousiastes enthousiasment avec enthousiasme l’enthousiasme enthousiasmant.
La traîtresse traître trahit traîtreusement.

Mais, attention!  Just as in English, the sentences you make this way would probably not be expressed in French like this, although technically/grammatically it is possible (that’s what makes them funny).  Moreover, all four parts of speech can not necessarily be found with all root words.  Here is a table with some nouns and their corresponding adverbs, verbs and adjectives.

NOUN

VERB

ADJECTIVE

ADVERB

un commentaire / un commentateur

commenter

commenté(e)

comment

une commode / la commodité

accommoder

commode

commodément

l’enthousiasme / un enthousiaste

enthousiasmer

enthousiasmant / enthousiaste

avec enthousiasme

une généralité / une généralisation

généraliser

général(e)

généralement

une manifestation / un manifestant(e)

manifester

manifeste

manifestement

la ponctualité

 ——-

ponctuel(le)

ponctuellement

une rationalisation / le rationalisme / la rationalité

rationaliser

rationnel(le) / rationaliste

rationnellement

un scandale

scandaliser

scandaleux(euse)

——–

un(e) traître / une traîtresse / une trahison

trahir

traître

traîtreusement

Now, why don’t you try coming up with your own funny French sentence in this way and share it with us in a comment!  This will help us all learn more vocabulary.

 

French Music - Jean Jacques Goldman

Posted by Chanda

Okay, so I’ve written many posts on my favorite French musicians and singers and repeatedly mentioned how much I believe music is one of the best and most interesting ways to learn a foreign language.  When I was finally able to understand the lyrics written by Jean Jacques Goldman, I really felt like all the ups and downs of learning a foreign language were for a reason.  A good French friend of mine introduced me to Goldman’s moving lyrics.  Because of his singing and especially his songwriting, Goldman is extremely popular among French speakers and according to Wikipedia, Goldman was the second highest grossing French pop singer in 2003, just behind Johnny Hallyday.

Jean Jacques Goldman was born in Paris, France on October 11, 1951 to a Polish father and a German mother.  At the age of 11, his parents had him learn how to play the violin and then, the piano.  As an adolescent, he was very shy.  At the age of 14, he became completely enthralled with music.  One of his earliest idols was Aretha Franklin.  He then began learning how to play guitar.  One of the first groups he formed with his school friends sang gospel at the local church.  Although he was completely into his music, he spent plenty of time studying and holds two degrees, one from the École de Hautes Études Commerciales de Lille (Lille Higher School of Business) and another in sociology.  After studying, he basically backpacked his way with a friend through Sweden, Turkey, Canada, the USA and Mexico.  He recorded an English language album in 1975 with the group Taï Phong which was somewhat successful, but Jean Jacques did not feel ready to tour with the group and so, Michael Jones came along to replace him.  The two became lifelong friends (Jean Jacques even named his son after him.)  Although reluctant at first, Jean Jacques began to go it solo with French songs and an Anglo-Saxon style upon signing a contract for five albums with Epic Records.  Inspired by the music of the 70’s, he attained the number 1 spot for the first time on the French charts on May 9, 1981.  He had many ups and downs as his career started off with this ‘Goldman Style’.  But, lasting success finally arrived with the single Quand la musique est bonne.  Many of his songs have a social awareness aspect to them and Goldman’s optimism is particularly appealing.  Comme toi evokes his personal link to the collective Jewish memory, Je te donne is about respecting differences and Rouge is about the end of communism, but not the end of the ideals which many believe to be noble.

Jean Jacques has always known well how to surround himself with great people to make beautiful music and create excellent shows including Jones, Bernard Schmidt and Carole Fredericks. In all, Goldman has released twenty-four albums including five as part of the very successful trio he formed in the middle of his solo career Fredericks / Goldman / Jones.  He has written and composed entire albums for Johnny Hallyday, Celine Dion and others.

Because I was so motivated by them as a French learner, I would like to share some of the lyrics that have touched me most with all of you (although it is difficult to do artistic justice when translating the lyrics, I have provided loose English translations since many of you are beginning French learners):

“Aujourd’hui, on n’a plus le droit, ni d’avoir faim, ni d’avoir froid…” (”Today, we don’t have the right anymore neither to be hungry nor to be cold…”) - Les Restos du Coeur

“Il y a une question dans ‘je t’aime’ qui demande “et m’aimes-tu, toi?’…” (”There’s a question in ‘I love you’ which asks ‘and do you love me?’”) - Sache que je

“Mais n’être plus rien après tant, c’est pas juste… (But, not to be anything anymore after so long is not fair…”) - Quand tu danses  

“Y aura des jardins, d’l'amour et du pain…des chansons, du vin, on manquera de rien… (There will be gardens, love and bread…songs, wine, no one will be in need of anything…”) - Rouge

“Je suis d’un pays d’un horizon d’une frontière…qui sonne guerre, qui sonne éternel hiver… Je suis d’une région d’une langue d’une histoire…qui sonne loin qui sonne bataille et mémoire” (I’m from a country with a horizon, a border…that sounds like war, that sounds like an eternel winter…I’m from a region, a language, a history…that sounds far away, that sounds like a battle and memory”) - Une fille de l’Est

Jean Jacques Goldman’s official website can be found at www.jjgoldman.net.