Posts in September 2008

L’Hexagone

Posted by Chanda

France is a country to love as no matter what you are looking for: mountains, beaches, rivers…you will find it all in France.

The entire country is roughly 80% the size of Texas, so you have so much available geographically and you can can get to it all in very little time.  It is bordered by Italy, Spain, Andorra, Monaco, Switzerland, Germany, Luxembourg and Belgium which means it is a great base for European travel.  Two-thirds of France is covered with mountains and hills including the famous Alps, the Jura, the Vosges, the Pyrenees and the Massif Central.  As far as beaches, there’s the English Channel to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Bay of Biscay to the southwest and the Mediterranean to the southeast. 

Mainland France, also known as the Hexagon due to its shape, is administratively divided into 22 regions: Alsace, Aquitane, Auvergne, Basse-Normandie, Burgundy, Brittany, Centre, Champagne-Ardenne, Corsica, Franche-Comté, Haute-Normandie, Île-de-France (where the largest city and capital Paris is located), Languedoc-Roussillon, Limousin, Lorraine, Midi-Pyrenees, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, Pays de la Loire, Picardy, Poitou-Charentes, Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur and Rhône-Alpes.  It also has four overseas departments: French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Réunion.  Its overseas countries and territories include New Caledonia, French Polynesia, Wallis and Futuna Islands and the French Southern and Antarctic Territories among others.

Côte d’Azur is well-known as the French Riviera and its hot, dry summers and mild winters make it a very popular beach area that attracts people from all over the world.  The mountains tend to be colder with a lot of rain and snow which means there are some great ski resorts.

Besides Paris, its largest cities as far as population are Lyon, Marseille, Lille, Toulouse, Nice, Bordeaux, Nantes, Strasbourg, Toulon, Douai-Lens, Rennes, Rouen, Grenoble and Montpellier.  All of these cities have rich histories and customs and we’ll take virtual tours of them in later blogs.

Here is a 1980 song by Renaud entitled Hexagone that makes various satirical references to French society and geography.

You can read the lyrics here.

And here is a heated French discussion on the song.

Être né sous l’signe de l’hexagone’ ça veut dire quoi pour vous?

 

Falloir

Posted by Chanda

The United States is famous in Europe for being prohibitive despite its status as a nation of freedom.  I have tried again and again to explain to my French and other European friends that one’s freedom in the United States ends when their acts fringe upon another’s freedom.  In any case, the French version of freedom is very liberal as compared to American standards.  So, let’s discuss a verb that can be used to explain in French the differences in these freedoms…in other words what ‘is necessary’ and what ‘must/mustn’t be done’.  This would be the verb falloir.

Here is how you conjugate this verb:

Il faut insister.  (You must insist.)
Il ne faut pas insister.  (You must not insist.)

Hmm…you are thinking, ‘where are the other conjugations???’  Well, falloir is an impersonal verb so it is only conjugated in the 3rd person singular.

So, here are some typical ‘must nots’ in the United States that my French friends ‘complain’ about:
Il ne faut pas fumer. (You must not smoke.)
Il ne faut pas faire du topless à la plage.  (You must not go topless on the beach.) 

And here is a typical ‘must’ in the United States:
Il faut avoir 21 ans pour pouvoir boire de l’alcool.  (You must be 21 to drink alcohol.) 

Conversely, here are some cultural ‘must nots’ in France:
Il ne faut pas parler à voix haute en public.  (You must not speak loudly in public.)
Il ne faut pas demander des questions personnelles.  (You must not ask personal questions.)

And some cultural ‘musts’ in France:
Il faut couper le fromage en parts égales.  (You must cut cheese in equal parts.)
Il faut donner le bonjour à tout le monde.  (You must say ‘good day’ to everyone.)

And finally, here are some more useful expressions with falloir.

Un homme comme il faut (the right kind of man)
Il fallait le dire (you should have said so!)
Il faut deux heures (it takes two hours)
Il leur a fallu quatre heures (it took them four hours)
Il te faut du repos (you need some rest)
Il ne faut pas se fier à cette fille (you must not trust this girl)
Il s’en faut de cent euros (there’s a shortage of a hundred euros)

Est-ce que vous pensez qu’il faut étudier la grammaire pour bien apprendre le français?

 

Americans and their Love-Hate Relationship with France

Posted by Chanda

According to a March 2008 Gallup poll, Americans have a more positive attitude towards France than a few years back.  69% of Americans say they have a favorable view of France as opposed to only 57% in February 2007.  Well, I for one, have always had a favorable view of France and I’ll give you some reasons why (not in any particular order and certainly not an exhaustive list as I could go on and on)…

1 - The country gave me two wonderful, intelligent boyfriends (wonderful when I was dating them at least) who helped me immensely with learning the language.
2-  Some of my favorite singers include Jean-Jacques Goldman and Francis Cabrel.
3-  I love French wine, especially the reds from Bordeaux.
4-  I love Mumm champagne…just not the same as plain old sparkling wine and after all, they let me taste several when I toured their cellars in Rheims.
5-  French food…from crepes to Dijon mustard to foie gras, I love it all!
6- Fondue parties.
7- The Hunchback of Notre Dame
8- Disneyland Paris
9- For providing me with places like the palaces of Versailles, Fontainebleau and Chantilly to stroll about and dream away…
10- Many of their museums are free on the 1st Sunday of the month and for budget students, that’s a big plus!

Now, here are my top ten reasons why I think Americans in general should have a favorable view of France:

#10 Where do you think the idea of the ‘French kiss’ came from?
#9 The origins of one of our most cherished Sunday breakfasts -French toast- lie in pain perdu .
#8 The French flag incorporates the same colors as ours (red, white and blue).
#7 How many of you out there have ever used L’Oréal products?
#6 Besides the American embassy, there are several other American buildings in Paris including the American Library of Paris and the American Hospital of Paris.
#5 About 11.8 million U.S. residents are of French origin.
#4 Many treaties have been negotiated and signed in Paris including the Treaty of Paris in 1783 ending the American Revolutionary War or the American War for Independence, the Treaty of Paris of 1898 ending the Spanish-American War and the 1973 Paris Peace Accords which formally ended American involvement in Vietnam.
#3 After the September 11th terrorist attack on the United States, French President Jacques Chirac said, “Today, we are all Americans” as he gave his sincere condolences and expressed his country’s solidarity with Americans.
#2 France has reserved part of its territory to honor the Americans who died in World War II and thus, that land (the Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial) is officially considered American territory.

and the #1 reason Americans should have a favorable view of France:

They gave us the Statue of Liberty as an international gift of friendship.

Est-ce que vous avez des raisons pour aimer la France ? Partagez-les avec nous !

 

Gallic Pride

Posted by Chanda

As I was quick to observe when I began living in Paris in 1997 as a young, impressionable university student, the French are very, very proud of their language, culture, history, wine, food, geography, women, clothing, music, brands, etc. etc. and did I mention their food and wine?  After having already lived in Spain where, especially at the time, most people were still wary of demonstrating even the slightest bit of nationalism out of fear of being called a fascist, I was actually quite shocked to find that a country existed with people who were just as avid flag-wavers as the Americans.

One of my close French friends is a very typical chauvin, in other words he manifests excessive patriotism and like many of his compatriots, shows an exaggerated admiration for his country.  No matter what the topic is, he somehow always finds a way to insert his Gallic pride into the conversation.  For example, once we were at a restaurant and after I tasted the wine the waiter had just filled my glass with, I said “hmm it’s very good”…and he said, “Of course!  It’s French!”  He has responded in that same way many, many times since then whenever I acknowledge liking anything I come across when in France.  He has also stated many times that the French language is the preferred language of diplomats as it has the most nuances and can therefore explain any situation.  Now, I don’t know if that’s true, but he insists.  The French roads and highways he drives on are the most modern in Europe.  The French women know how to best dress and put on make-up.  French cheese is the only cheese in the world that actually tastes like the grass from the pastures (supposedly that’s a good thing).  French beef is so good and uncontaminated that it can be eaten raw (as in steak tartare).  The French invented soccer and Zidane is the best player in the world.  He, like many other French people, proudly assumes the title of chauvin after it was popularized by the comedy La cocarde tricolore in which an actor named Chauvin personified extreme patriotism.  A French cleaning lady once haughtily told some of my fellow university students who asked her to clean up a mess in the hallway that they could not treat her “like a dog as they were in France!”  What??? She was the cleaning lady…wasn’t her job to clean?  Charles de Gaulle’s credo even states, “From time immemorial there has been a pact between the greatness of France and the liberty of the world.”

Although the term ‘Gallic pride’ which makes reference to the land (Gaul) settled by the Franks known today as France, can be used with a positive connotation, in English, we occasionally…okay if you look at newspaper and magazine articles and such…we often use it to refer to French people but in a derisive and critical way.  But, given that the French are proud of being chauvins and proud of their Gallic pride…I think it’s all in good fun.

Here is a video where you can clearly see and hear just how proud they are.

Vive la France!

 

Chez Maïté

Posted by Chanda

When I was living in France for the second time in 2003 there was a Big Brother type show on television (Nice People) which I avidly watched and one of the guest housemates was a French cook named Maïté.  Since I wasn’t eating there, I obviously fell in love with her personality as she’s bubbly, fun, quick-witted and she loves to cook and really gets you into it too.  It was the only time I can think of where I ran out to a bookstore to specifically buy a cookbook.  And I still have her cookbook La cuisine de Maïté.  It’s a favorite of mine as it’s quite easy to follow and makes French cuisine seem so simple.  You’ll be producing excellent four-course meals in no time!  She has two other great books as well - Les desserts de Maïté and Les soupes de Maïté.  She has a cooking show on French television called A table avec Maïté and has appeared on TV, in the movies, in films, on radio and just about everywhere. Read about her in French in Wikipedia. She’s quite a character!

Here’s her French Onion Soup recipe:

Ingredients
5 large onions
3 tablespoons of oil
1 knob of butter (basically a walnut-size clump of butter)
1 garlic clove
1 bouquet garni (a bundle of herbs)
1 glass of white wine
9 cups of vegetable broth
1/2 glass of Porto
2 cups of Gruyère cheese
5 slices of hard bread
Salt
Pepper

Instructions
1) Wash and finely slice the onions.
2) Place on a pot over medium heat and put in the oil and butter.
3) Throw in the onions and stir constantly as they brown.
4) Deglaze the onions with the white wine and the Porto.  Add some salt and pepper.
5) Gradually add the hot vegetable broth.
6) Add the garlic and the bouquet garni and let boil for 15 minutes.
7)  Cut the slices of bread into four pieces each to make the croutons.
8) Brown them a bit in a little oil over low heat.  Add more oil if necessary as you brown them so they don’t burn.
9) Place the croutons, then the cheese, the soup, then croutons and cheese again in individual au gratin bowls.
10) Place the bowls under the grill for 5 minutes and serve.

Here is an interview with Maïté en Le Journal des Femmes.

And you can read the menu and get recipes from her restaurant at www.chezmaite.com.

Bon appétit!