Posts from June 2009

Mi logxas en la Norda-Orienta Usono. Mia parto de la lando ne vidas la sunon dum la tuta monato. Mi ne trograndigas. Sekve, mi konatigxis kun la nuboj. Mi lernis ke multaj tipoj de nuboj ekzistas, kaj ne multaj vortoj ilin reprezentas.

In English, we have three basic ways to describe a cloud. We call them either cirrus, stratus, or cumulus. I have not found much regarding Esperanto equivalents of these words, though I am anxious to be proven wrong! From what I’ve seen in Esperanto, one would describe a cloud in the same manner one would describe anything else, by adding adjectives when necessary.

Ili estas grandaj nuboj.
Densaj nuboj alportas pluvon.
Cxu vi vidis la purpura nubo?

Special cloud-related words might be reserved for specific weather conditions, where the formation is specific to the type of weather. For example, Esperanto uses the words tornado and uragano (hurricane).

The other day I stumbled upon a surprisingly useful word – “bleki.” There is no one-word English translation, but “bleki” is a general verb that means “for an animal to cry.” You can use it to refer to birds calling, dogs barking, horses neighing…It works for pretty much any non-human creature!

Mi opinias ke la vorto estas utila…Mia onklino havas du hundojn. La bestioj estas tre bruaj! Sxiaj hundoj blekas senfine!

Based on an insightful comment from Pascal Blondiau in regards to “krokodili” the other week, I find myself asking whether or not I want to see Esperanto evolve or not. Moreover, if the language needs to change, I wonder how we should go about changing it. Before you read any further, I highly recommend reading Pascal’s commentary. It is well argued, and I hadn’t considered many of his points before.

All set? Then let’s begin a new discussion!

We all want Esperanto be an international language, something that everyone can speak so that everyone may be heard and understood. Under the most ideal circumstances, people the world over would speak, use, and comprehend Esperanto. However, if the entire world spoke Esperanto, I can only assume that various native languages would creep into the vocabulary, producing words like “krokodili.” With this as the case, it isn’t a far stretch of the imagination to think that Esperanto would develop regional words that are spoken only in select places. After further divergence, one would end up with essentially different languages – thus defeating the purpose of a universal language!

The alternative would be to keep non-Esperanto words from entering the Esperanto vocabulary. This solution would ensure that Esperanto remains neutral (in theory) among the world’s native languages, and that new words wouldn’t be too cryptic for Esperantists. Unfortunately, I can see this approach having its own drawbacks. A rigid, purist method like this one risks stagnating the development of the language. Imagine how limited poetry would be, for example, if word usage was completely set in stone!

I can’t say there’s an easy solution to the problem of pluralism versus purism. Perhaps a balance between the two would be best, but I cannot say for sure. What do you all think? Where do you stand on the issue?

If you’re feeling adventurous, and want to devise some exciting new verbs using your word roots, make sure that your new creation doesn’t have a wholly different meaning! Continuing in our theme of idiotismoj, today we’ll examine the verb “subacxeti.”

When you think of “underpay” in English, you think of giving someone too little payment for a good or service. So, if you start with the Esperanto verb “acxeti,” which means “to buy,” and add the prefix for “under,” which is “sub,” you end up with “subacxeti.” However, this verb is already an idiomatic expression! It means “to bribe.” Of course, that’s way off the mark from what you were seeking!

I recommend differentiating between the verbs “pagi” and “acxeti.” When you pay for a service, you use “pagi.” For example, you pay someone for fixing your car. If you buy something, you’re exchanging money for a tangible good. So, you use “acxeti” for when you’re buying a new jacket.

With this as the case, we should start with “pagi” if we want to create “to underpay.” Instead of the spatial-oriented “sub,” we should use “multa,” meaning many, and the opposite-inducing “mal.” Then, we have “malmultpagi,” which is probably much closer to our target word.

Since I’m a student of English, I typically bemoan the decline of proper grammar due to Internet chatrooms and instant-message programs. However, when brevity is imperative, I can see how a few bits of contractions or abbreviations may be appropriate. There are a few commonplace contractions in Esperanto that you might encounter during casual online interaction, and so I thought it might be useful to discuss some of them here. I’ve only run into a few of them in my experiences, so feel free to comment with any of yours if you think they might be useful!

espo = Esperanto, the language we all know and love
stas/stis/stos/stus/stu/sti = All the various conjugations of “esti”
sxli = “Sxi/Li,” for when “they” is not gender-neutral enough
sal/sa = Abbreviation of “saluton,” for hello
salugxis = A merging of “saluton” and “gxis la revido,” somewhat like the Hawaiian “aloha”

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