Posts tagged with "tones"

On the first day of study abroad in Beijing, my Chinese teachers taught our class this little tongue twister to help us work with our tones:

老师是四十四,是不是?(lǎoshī shì sìshísì, shì bú shì)

Translation: The Teacher is 44, no (is this true/true of false)?

Why this seemingly innocuous sentence? Was it really all that important to repeat (over and over) how to ask a simple, age-related question to a teacher? No. It was all because of the tones and pronunciation involved. Our teachers were trying to accustom our tongues to the Chinese language.

For a bunch of US students just arriving in Beijing, acclimating your ear was difficult enough, but speaking the language? It was like trying to talk with cotton balls in your mouth. Our teachers were providing us with standards Chinese “tongue twisters” or  绕口令 (ràokǒulìng) to whip our voices into shape (like this laowai):

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All the text books and character sheets in the world will not prepare your mouth for the litany of linguistic leaps levied at your lethargic laowai larynx (try saying that five times fast) when you first start speaking Mandarin. In the first weeks abroad, I would literally find myself tongue tied, that is, able to produce the sound and character in my head, or through recognition, but utterly unable to make the conversion from brain to mouth. As I soon realized, in order to speak Chinese, I had to create my own “chinese voice”.

Whether it was making sure that my tones would have the proper inflection, learning to create sounds that are non-existent within English, or finding a natural cadence and rhythm to my talk, all required practice and repetition. Language is often muscle dependent-you either use it or lose it. It takes a good amount of work training your tongue, but there are fun ways to practice. If you really want to master your spoken Chinese, try some of these tongue twisters out:

妈妈骑马,马慢妈妈骂马
mā mā qí mǎ,
mǎ màn, mā mā mà mǎ.
Translation: Mother is riding a horse. The horse moves slowly. Mother chides the horse

四 是 四 , 十 是 十 , 十 四 是 十 四 , 四 十 是 四 十 , 四 十 四 只 石 狮 子 是 死 的
sì shì sì
shí shì shí
shí sì shì shí sì
sì shí shì sì shí
sì shí sì zhī shí shī zǐ shì sǐ de.
Translation: 4 is 4, 10 is 10, 14 is 14, 40 is 40, 44 small stones are dead

知道就说知道
不知道就说不知道
不要知道说不知道
也不要不知道说知道
你知道不知道?

zhīdào jiù shuō zhīdào
bù zhīdào jiù shuō bù zhīdào
bū yào zhīdào shuō bù zhīdào
yě bū yào bù zhīdào shuō zhīdào
nǐ zhīdào bù zhīdào
Translation: If you know, just say you know. If you don’t know, just say you don’t know. You shouldn’t know and say you don’t know. And you shouldn’t NOT know and say you DO know. You know?

Now see how you compare to Jackie Chan:

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Follow Steve on twitter: @seeitbelieveit

Now that we’ve covered some basic tongue twisters, it’s time to ramp up the level of difficulty. Try saying these tongue twisters five times fast. See if you can get as good as Jackie Chan:

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青青山上一根籐

青籐地下掛銅鈴

風吹籐動銅鈴動

風停籐停銅鈴停

qīng qīng shān shàng yī gēn téng
qīng téng dǐ xià guà tóng líng
fēng chuī téng dòng tóng líng dòng
fēng tíng téng tíng tóng líng tíng

Translation: On a green mountain grows a vine. Under the vine there hangs a copper bell. When the wind blows, the vine moves, and so does the bell. When the wind stops, the vine stops, and the bell stops too.

老頭兒端湯上塔
湯燙
塔滑
湯灑
湯燙塔

lǎotóur duān tāng shàng tǎ
tāng tàng
tǎ huá
tāng sǎ
tāng tàng tǎ.

Translation: An old man, holding (a bowl of) soup, climbed up a tower. The soup was hot. The tower (steps) slippery; (so) the soup got spilt (and) the soup scalded the tower (steps).

黑蝴蝶飛,
灰蝴蝶飛,
黑蝴蝶飛完,
會蝴蝶飛。

hēi húdǐe fēi,
hūi húdǐe fēi,
hēi húdǐe fēiwán,
hūi húdǐe fēi.

Translation: The black butterfly flies, the gray butterfly flies, after the black butterfly flies, the gray butterfly flies.

村前有个颜圆眼
村后有个颜眼圆
不知颜圆眼的眼圆
还是颜眼圆的眼圆?

cūn qián yǒu gè yán yuán yǎn
cūn hòu yǒu g4 yán yǎn yuán
bù zhī yán yuán yǎn dē yǎn yuán
hái shì yán yǎn yuán dē yǎn yuán?

Translation: In front of the village there is a Yan Yuanyan. Behind the village there is a Yan Yanyuan. Don’t know if Yan Yuanyan’s eyes are rounder or Yan Yanyuan’s eyes are rounder.

红凤凰

黄凤凰

粉红凤凰

粉凤凰飞

Hóng fènghuáng
huáng fènghuáng
fěnhóng fènghuáng
fěn fènghuáng fēi

Translation: Red phoenix, yellow phoenix, pink phoenix, pink phoenix fly.

How’d you do?

One of the first challenges for the Western speaker of Chinese to overcome in learning to speak Mandarin Chinese is the introduction of tones to a language. In English, a rising or falling tone does little other than indicate emphasis: The whiny “What do you waaant?” as opposed to “What do you want!?” Not so in Chinese. Differentiating between tones is the difference between knowing, for example, whether a person is asking the whereabouts of your mother, your hemp, or your horse. Misunderstand one sentence and you suddenly find yourself in a very confusing situation, especially since most conversations consist of much more than one lingering sentence. Picture the situation:

Xiao Zhang (speaking Chinese of course):
“Do you know where I can rent a horse? I’d like to take a horse along the Great Wall. Want to come along?”

You:
“Um. Run that by me one more time?”

While in practice, context makes a huge difference and it becomes relatively easy to know that Xiao Zhang doesn’t want to rent a mother to take up to the Great Wall, not hearing or saying the correct tone more often than not just leads to confusion. To avoid this awkward situation, here’s a brief primer for how to pronounce the tones in Mandarin Chinese.
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