Posts under "Arabic Language"

Egypt’s National Anthem

Posted by Fisal No Comments
Jan 25 2012

     Today is the first anniversary of the 2011 Revolution, so I am presenting the Egyptian National Anthem النشيد الوطني المصري . The Egyptian national anthem is a crystallization of Egypt’s history. The anthem reflects the people’s inspirations and beliefs مُعتقدات . Egypt’s current national anthem was based on an idea in the mind of one of Egypt’s leaders. The first few lines of the anthem were obtained from a speech made by the great leader Mustafa Kamel مصطفى كامل in 1907. Egypt’s current anthem was written by the poet Mohammad Younis Al-Qadi محمد يونس القاضي and composed by the great artist Sayed Darwish سيد درويش , who died before listening to it. I did the English translation underneath.

Egypt’s National Anthem النشيد الوطنى لمصر 

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بــــــلا د ي   بــــــلا د ي    بـــــلا د ي

O, my homeland, my homeland, my hallowed land,

لـــــكــــي  حـــبــــي  و  فــــــــؤادي

For thee, is my due love and heart,

بــــــلا د ي   بــــــلا د ي    بـــــلا د ي

O, my homeland, my homeland, my hallowed land,

لـــــكــــي حـــبــــي و فــــــــؤادي

For thee, is my due love and heart,

مـــصــــر  يــــا  أم  الــــبــــــــــلاد

O, Egypt, thou art the Mother of all nations,

أنـــــــتِ  غـــايــتـــــي  و  الــمــــراد

Thou art my sacred wish and holy demand,

و عــلـــــى  كــــل  الــــعــــبــــــــاد

And all people are indebted,

كـــم  لـنـــيــــلـــكِ  مــن   أيـــــــــاد

To thy generous Nile,

بــــــلا د ي   بــــــلا د ي    بـــــلا د ي

O, my homeland, my homeland, my hallowed land,

لـــــكــــي حـــبــــي و فــــــــؤادي

For thee, is my due love and heart,

مــــــصــــــر  أنـــت  أغــلــــى   درة

O, Egypt, thou art the greatest pearl,

فـــوق  جــبـيــن  الــدهــــر  غــــرة

Over the forehead of Time shining,

يـــا  بــــلادي  عـيــشـــي  حــــــرة

O, my homeland, live free,

و اســـلــمـــي  رغـــم  الأعـــــادي

And be safe, whatever the foes.

بــــــلا د ي   بــــــلا د ي    بـــــلا د ي

O, my homeland, my homeland, my hallowed land,

لـــــكــــي حـــبــــي و فــــــــؤادي
For you, is my due love and heart,

مـــصــــــر  أولادك  كــــــــــــــرام 

Egypt, thy sons are generous,

أوفــيــــاء  يـــرعـــــوا  الــزمـــــام

Loyal, guarding the land,  

نــحــــن  حـــــرب  و  ســـــــــــلام

We are war and peace; 

و  فـــــداكـــــــي  يــــا  بــــــــلادي

A sacrifice for thee

بــــــلا د ي   بــــــلا د ي    بـــــلا د ي

O, my homeland, my homeland, my hallowed land,

لـــــكــــي حـــبــــي و فــــــــؤادي

For you, is my due love and heart,

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Peace سلام /Salam/

Egypt; Yesterday and Tomorrow

Posted by Fisal 1 Comment
Jan 24 2012

       Yesterday, Tuesday, 23rd 2012 was a memorable day as the newly-elected People’s Assembly مجلس الشعب (The Parliament البرلمان) held its first session جلسة after a year of the Egyptian 2011 Revolution. The Parliament ran its internal elections for the chairman’s post and it was won by Dr Mohammad Saad Al-Katatny; a member of the Muslim Brotherhood and one of the founders of their Freedom and Justice Party (FJP). Al-Katatny was in prison سـِـجـن on the same day of 2010 and Fathi Sorour was the Chairman of the overthrown ex-regime’s Parliament and yesterday was the time for them to change positions, a thing which can be considered a political irony سـُـخـرية and may be considered an indicator of the success of the Egyptian revolution.

 

       The Muslim Brotherhood الإخوان المسلمون won the majority الأغلبية of the Parliament Members and jointly with the Salafi Nour Party حزب النور السلفي winners, they will shape a new era of Islamists in Power. Those Islamist forces have a vision that is different from that of the Liberal forces; the minority الأقلية in the Parliament. When the ex President Mubarak stepped down, he passed his authorities to the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF) المجلس الأعلى للقوات المسلحة . Most people can’t see the separate thin line between SCAF as SCAF and SCAF as President or a political leader. To those people, SCAF as SCAF has protected and guarded the revolution and thus has fulfilled its noble and expected role. When SCAF came into power السُـلطة  and played the role of the president, it failed to maintain the same support of the majority of the people and especially the revolutionary young people and the liberal forces because of its repeated mistakes and failure to achieve the aims and ambitions طـُـموحات of the revolution and hence some forces accuse it of following the same policy as the Mubarak regime or at least trying to protect this ex corrupt regime. Islamists took the side of the SCAF fearing the fall down of the country while the young people and revolutionary forces took the opposition المـُـعارَضـَـة side asking for the SCAF to step down and pass the power to a civilian authority سـُـلطة مدنية , end the emergency law قانون الطوارئ and fast trials محاكـَـمات سريعة to the killers of the revolution martyrs شـُـهـَـداء .

       Tomorrow 25th January is the first anniversary ذِكرَى سنوية of the revolution. SCAF and its Islamist allies call for a celebration احتفال day and national holiday. On the other hand, the revolutionaries and liberal forces consider tomorrow as a day of mourning بـُـكاء / حـِـداد / حزنٌ على the martyrs and peacefully protesting and declaring their anger of the slow and frustrating performance of the SCAF. What will happen tomorrow is not at all certain and can not be expected. The only certain thing is that tomorrow, we will see huge masses of people in the Tahrir Square as well as other big squares all over Egypt.

 

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Peace سلام /salam/

Reading Comprehension Answers

Posted by Fisal No Comments
Jan 22 2012

   In today’s post, I am going to present the answers of the previous reading comprehension exercise. To view the reading exercise questions, click on the following link;  http://www.transparent.com/arabic/reading-comprehension-exercise/

 * اقرأ القطعة التالية و أجب عن الأسئلة    Read the following passage and answer the questions   

        بدأ العام الدراسى الجديد , و فرح التلاميذُ كثيراً بذهابهم إلى المدرسة و مقابلة زملاءهم . و دخل المُدرسُّ الفصلَ مبتسماً , و كان مسروراً بنظام التلاميذ و حماسهم , و قال لهم : ” اجتهدوا فالعلمُ أساسُ التقدم , و ليس النجاحُ صعباً على المجتهدين , و المجتهدُ دائماً يحافظُ على وقته .”  و قد أصبحَ الحاسوب ضرورةً من ضرورات الحياة و مهارةً لازمةً لكل عمل . و ما زالَ الإنسان متعلماً فى مدرسة الحياة حتى يلاقى حتفه .  

 أ) أجب عن الأسئلة التالية  Answer the following questions  

         1- لماذا فرح التلاميذ كثيراً ؟ Why did the pupils feel joy?      

                  - فرح التلاميذ كثيراً بذهابهم إلى المدرسة و مقابلة زملاءهم .

         2- كيف دخل المدرسُ الفصلَ ؟   How did the teacher enter the class?   

                   - دخل المدرسُ الفصلَ مبتسماً  

         3- ما هو اساسُ التقدم ؟   What is the base for progress?   

                   - العلمُ هو أساس التقدم .

         4-  ما الذى يفعله المجتهدُ دائماً ؟   What does the hard-working person always do?   

                   - المجتهدُ دائماً يحافظ على وقته .  

         5- إلى متى يظل الإنسان متعلماً ؟   Till when man remains a learner?  

                   - يظلُّ الإنسانُ متعلماً حتى يلقى حتفه .

  ب) اختر الاجابة الصحيحة من بين الأقواس Choose the correct answer from brackets   

         1- مفرد ( the singular of ) “التلاميذ” هو كلمة   ( تلميذ )

         2- مضاد (the opposite of  ) “بدأ” هو الفعل     ( انتهى )

         3- مضاد (the opposite of  ) “النجاح” هو        ( الفشل )

         4- جمع ( the plural of )  ”وقت” هو                (أوقات )

         5- معنى ( the meaning of ) “حتف” هو            ( موت )

 جـ) استخرج من القطعة  Write down from the passage    

1-     فعلً أمر (  an Imperative) =  اجتهدوا

2-     فعل ماضى من أخوات كان ( a Kana sister past verb ) =  أصبحَ / مازالَ / ليسَ / كانَ  

3-     مبتدأ ( Mubtada ) =  العلمُ  

4-     خبر مرفوع ( a Marfu’ Khabar ) =   أساسُ  

5-     خبر منصوب (  a Mansoob Khabar) = مسروراً / صعباً / ضرورةَ / متعلماً  

 د) ترجمة القطعة إلى اللغة الانجليزية  Translation of the passage into English  

     The new school year started and the students felt happy going to their schools and meeting their classmates. The teacher entered the classroom smiling and he was glad with the students’ decipline and enthuasiasm, so he said to them, ” Work hard as science is the base for progress and success is not difficult for the hard-working who always keep their time.” The computer has become a life necessity and a required skill for any job. Man is still learning at the school of life until he meets his end.  

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Peace  سلام /Salam/ 

Reading Comprehension Exercise

Posted by Fisal 1 Comment
Jan 21 2012

* اقرأ القطعة التالية و أجب عن الأسئلة    Read the following passage and answer the questions   

      بدأ العام الدراسى الجديد , و فرح التلاميذُ كثيراً بذهابهم إلى المدرسة و مقابلة زملاءهم . و دخل المُدرسُّ الفصلَ مبتسماً , و كان مسروراً بنظام التلاميذ و حماسهم , و قال لهم : ” اجتهدوا فالعلمُ أساسُ التقدم , و ليس النجاحُ صعباً على المجتهدين , و المجتهدُ دائماً يحافظُ على وقته .”  و قد أصبحَ الحاسوب ضرورةً من ضرورات الحياة و مهارةً لازمةً لكل عمل . و ما زالَ الإنسان متعلماً فى مدرسة الحياة حتى يلاقى حتفه .

أ) أجب عن الأسئلة التالية Answer the following questions  

         1- لماذا فرح التلاميذ كثيراً ؟ Why did the pupils feel joy?      

         2- كيف دخل المدرسُ الفصلَ ؟   How did the teacher enter the class?    

         3- ما هو اساسُ التقدم ؟   What is the base for progress?   

         4-  ما الذى يفعله المجتهدُ دائماً ؟   What does the hard-working person always do?    

         5- إلى متى يظل الإنسان متعلماً ؟   Till when man remains a learner?  

ب) اختر الاجابة الصحيحة من بين الأقواس Choose the correct answer from brackets   

         1- مفرد ( the singular of ) “التلاميذ” هو كلمة ……. ( تلميذة – تلموذ – تلميذ )

         2- مضاد (the opposite of  ) “بدأ” هو الفعل …… ( انتهى – ارتوى – اهتدى )

         3- مضاد (the opposite of  ) “النجاح” هو ……… ( الكسل – الفشل – العمل )

         4- جمع ( the plural of )  ”وقت” هو …….           (أوقات – وقوت – أوقت )

         5- معنى ( the meaning of ) “حتف” هو ……..      ( موت – مرض – نجاح )

 جـ) استخرج من القطعة  Write down from the passage    

1-     فعلً أمر (  an Imperative) ………….

2-     فعل ماضى من أخوات كان ( a Kana sister past verb ) …………

3-     مبتدأ ( Mubtada ) …….

4-     خبر مرفوع ( a Marfu’ Khabar )  …………

5-     خبر منصوب (  a Mansoob Khabar) ………….

 د) ترجم القطعة إلى اللغة الانجليزية  Translate the passage into English    

  …………………………………………………………………………………………………

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Answers will be posted soon

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Peace  سلام  /salam/

Kana and Sisters (Part 3)

Posted by Fisal 2 Comments
Jan 20 2012

Kana and Sisters (Part 3) كانَ و أخواتها

     Kana and its sisters are special verbs in the Arabic Grammar. These verbs come at the  beginning of the  nominative sentence. The Mubtada of the nominative sentence becomes the noun subject (Ism) of Kana and sisters wheareas the Khabar becomes the Khabar of Kana and sisters. The case of the Khabar changes from the nominative case to that of the accusative and hence the Dammah changes to a Fat’ha. In the previous post, we discussed the sisters of kana that refer to time; http://www.transparent.com/arabic/kana-and-sisters-part-2/

Today, we will discuss the other verbs (sisters of Kana) and their meanings.

* صارَ  : This verb refers to CHANGE and MODIFICATION. It means “to turn into”

              Ex. – صارَ البرتقالُ عصيراً  = The ornage turned into juice.  

                    -  صارَ الماءُ بُـخاراً  = The water turned into vapor.

* ليسَ   : This verb refers to NEGATION. It means “Not”.

.             Ex.  – ليسَ الأمـرُ سِــراً  = The matter is not a secret.

                      -  ليسَ السُـؤالُ صعباً  = The question is not difficult.

*  مازالَ / ما بَرحَ / ما فتئَ / ما انفكَّ / ما دامَ   :

  • These four verbs refer to CONTINUOUS ACTIONS. They all mean “still” or “to continue”.
  • The verb ما دامَ  means “as long as” and can refer to a “period of time”.
  • These verbs must be preceded by a negation particle such as;  ما / لا / لم   in order to do the job of Kana.
  • The predicate (Khabar) of these verbs can often be a verbal sentence جملة فعلية .   

              Ex.  – ما زالَ السلامُ أملاً لكل الشعوبِ  = Peace is still a hope for all nations.

                     – ما برحَ الولدُ جائعاً   = The boy is still hungry.

                     -  ما فتئَ المطرُ منهمراً  = Rain is still pouring.

                     -  ما انفكَّ العـُـمـّـالُ يعملون بجدٍ  = The workers continued to work hard.

                     -  سأحبكِ ما دُمتُ حياً  = I will love you as long as I am alive.

*  كانَ  : This verb refers to the PAST. It means “to be”.

  • It is the most famous verb of these verbs.

              Ex. – كان الفضاءُ لغزاً  = Space was a mystery.

                     – يكون الجوُ حاراً في الصيفِ  = The weather is hot in summer.

                     – سأكونُ مُسافراً غداً  = I will be traveling tomorrow. 

 

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Next time, In Sha’a Allah,  we will learn more information about these verbs.

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Peace  سلام /Salam/

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